DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.01.017
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84923029659
论文题名: Prehistoric fires and the shaping of colonial transported landscapes in southern California: A paleoenvironmental study at Dune Pond, Santa Barbara County
作者: Ejarque A. ; Anderson R.S. ; Simms A.R. ; Gentry B.J.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2015
卷: 112 起始页码: 181
结束页码: 196
语种: 英语
英文关键词: California
; Colonial transported landscapes
; Fire history
; Non-pollen palynomorphs
; Pollen
; Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particles
Scopus关键词: Agriculture
; Charcoal
; Cultivation
; Fires
; Lakes
; Land use
; Vegetation
; Wetlands
; California
; Colonial transported landscapes
; Fire history
; Palynomorphs
; Pollen
; Spheroidal carbonaceous particles
; Plants (botany)
; climate variation
; cultural heritage
; cultural landscape
; deciduous forest
; eighteenth century
; fire history
; historical record
; human settlement
; livestock farming
; paleoclimate
; paleoecology
; paleoenvironment
; palynomorph
; pollen
; pond
; prescribed burning
; scrub
; woodland
; California
; Santa Barbara County
; United States
; Poaceae
英文摘要: Using a novel combination of paleoecologic proxies including pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs), macroscopic charcoal, and Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particles (SCPs), 5000 years of landscape change, fire history and land-use have been reconstructed from Dune Pond, Santa Barbara County, California. The pond was sensitive to Holocene regional climatic variability, showing different phases of lower (4600-3700calyrBP, 2100-700calyrBP, historical period) and higher (3700-2100calyrBP, 700-150calyrBP) local moisture availability. During this period the landscape was dominated by a coastal mosaic vegetation including dune mats, coastal scrub and salt marshes on the dunes and backdunes, with chaparral and oak woodland growing in the valley plains and foothills. Fire was intimately linked with such dominating mosaic vegetation, and the combination of wet conditions and the presence of nearby human settlement were a trigger favoring coastal fires for at least two periods: from 3100 to 1500calyrBP and from 650calyrBP until the 18th century. In both cases fire was an important tool to keep an open coastal landscape attractive to hunting wildlife. Finally, matching this varied range of high-resolution paleoecological proxies with historical records we could characterize the development of colonial transported landscapes following the Euro-American settlement of Santa Barbara. The introduction of livestock grazing by Spanish colonists favored erosive processes and the introduction of fecal-borne parasites in freshwater bodies, negatively impacted salt and brackish coastal marshes, and promoted the invasion of alien grasses and ruderals. This agro-pastoral landscape was consolidated during the American period, with a greater role for cultivation, the development of industrial activities and increased population. Despite negative environmental consequences such as the loss of native habitats, exotic land-uses and plants introduced during the historical period significantly contributed to the configuration of a cultural landscape which forms part of the cultural heritage of California. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/59992
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States; Laboratory of Paleoecology, Bilby Research Center, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States; Department of Earth Science, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Ejarque A.,Anderson R.S.,Simms A.R.,et al. Prehistoric fires and the shaping of colonial transported landscapes in southern California: A paleoenvironmental study at Dune Pond, Santa Barbara County[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2015-01-01,112