DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.014
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84920983135
论文题名: 15,000 years of black carbon deposition - A post-glacial fire record from maar lake sediments (Germany)
作者: Lehndorff E. ; Wolf M. ; Litt T. ; Brauer A. ; Amelung W.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2015
卷: 110 起始页码: 15
结束页码: 22
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Fire regime
; Fire temperature
; Human-fire interaction
; Palaeoclimate
Scopus关键词: Agriculture
; Benzene
; Bronze
; Carbon
; Combustion
; Fuels
; Lakes
; Land use
; Vegetation
; Benzene polycarboxylic acids
; Combustion efficiencies
; Fire regimes
; Fire temperatures
; Fossil fuel combustion
; Human-fire interaction
; Maar lake sediments
; Palaeoclimate
; Fires
; biomass burning
; black carbon
; Bronze Age
; combustion
; fire history
; fossil fuel
; interstadial
; lacustrine deposit
; maar
; paleoclimate
; Postglacial
; sedimentation rate
; Eifel
; Germany
; Rhineland-Palatinate
英文摘要: Fires accompanied human development throughout the Holocene, leaving behind black carbon (BC) as residues from incomplete biomass burning. Here we used molecular fire markers, benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs), to reconstruct fire history in two Eifel maar lakes, Germany. We hypothesized to find indications for (i) changes in BC related to ecosystem changes, (ii) an increase in BC influx at the onset of agriculture until modern times, and (iii) a change in BC quality due to technical progress in combustion, e.g., at the beginning of agriculture and at the onset of the Bronze Age. To calculate absolute BC influx into the maar lakes, we multiplied BC contents with sedimentation rates. The BC influx rates were elevated during tundra-like vegetation in the Late Pleistocene (up to 7.7g BCm-2a-1), followed by relatively constant 2.5gBCm-2a-1 from the Bølling interstadial (>13.7kilo years before present, kaBP) until the early Atlantic when forest began to develop. Thereafter, BC influx increased with the onset of land use of Neolithic cultures in the region from 7.5kaBP to rates of 7-9gBCm-2a-1. Noteworthy, also the quality of BC changed: higher ratios of five-to six-times carboxylated benzenes (B5CA/B6CA) pointed at colder, arable fires approximately 1000 years after first Neolithic activity from 6 to 4kaBP (B5CA/B6CA increased from 1.0 to 2.0). From 4kaBP (Bronze Age) to modern times increasing burning temperatures as indicated by dropping B5CA/B6CA ratios (from 2.0 to 1.0) were related to metallurgy and industrialization. Between 2.5 and 1kaBP maximum BC influx rates were reached with ca 15gBCm-2a-1. With increasing combustion efficiency and a reduction of wild fires during the last centuries, total BC influx decreased, suggesting that fossil fuel combustion contributed less to total BC input into the lake sediments than former vegetation fires. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/60021
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 13, Bonn, Germany; Steinmann Institute of Geology, Mineralogy and Palaeontology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 8, Bonn, Germany; Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany
Recommended Citation:
Lehndorff E.,Wolf M.,Litt T.,et al. 15,000 years of black carbon deposition - A post-glacial fire record from maar lake sediments (Germany)[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2015-01-01,110