DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.03.001
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84896472968
论文题名: Holocene semi-arid oak woodlands in the Irano-Anatolian region of Southwest Asia: Natural or anthropogenic?
作者: Asouti E. ; Kabukcu C.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2014
卷: 90 起始页码: 158
结束页码: 182
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Anthracology
; Crop progenitors
; Human impact
; Irano-Anatolian vegetation
; Neolithic
; Oak steppe-forest
; Southwest asia
Scopus关键词: Cultivation
; Anthracology
; Human impact
; Neolithic
; Oak steppe-forest
; Southwest asia
; Vegetation
; anthropogenic effect
; deciduous forest
; Holocene
; human settlement
; littoral environment
; prehistoric
; semiarid region
; woodland
; Anatolia
; Iran
; Turkey
英文摘要: It is commonly accepted that, following the end of the Pleistocene, semi-arid deciduous oak woodlands did not spread in the Irano-Anatolian region of Southwest Asia as quickly as they did in the Levantine Mediterranean littoral, despite the fact that climatic improvement occurred broadly at the same time in both regions. Prehistoric impacts on woodland vegetation (such as woodcutting, burning and clearance for cultivation), the harsh continental climate of inland Southwest Asia and its distance from late Pleistocene arboreal refugia have all been discussed in the literature as likely causes of the delay. In this paper we argue that semi-arid deciduous oak woodlands should not be viewed as part of the "natural" vegetation of the Irano-Anatolian region that has been progressively destroyed by millennia of human activities since the Neolithic. They represent instead one of the earliest anthropogenic vegetation types in Southwest Asia, one that owes its very existence to prehistoric landscape practices other scholars commonly label as "destructive". Drawing on anthracological, pollen and modern vegetation data from central Anatolia we describe how the post-Pleistocene species-rich and structurally diverse temperate semi-arid savanna grasslands were gradually substituted by low-diversity, even-aged Quercus-dominated parklands and wood pastures in the course of the early Holocene. Economic strategies that encouraged the establishment and spread of deciduous oaks included sheep herding that impacted on grass and forb vegetation, the controlling of competing arboreal vegetation through woodcutting, and woodland management practices such as coppicing, pollarding and shredding that enhanced Quercus vegetative propagation, crown and stem growth. Understanding the origin and evolution of the Irano-Anatolian semi-arid oak woodlands of Southwest Asia is of critical importance for reconstructing the changing ecologies and geographical distributions of the progenitors of domesticated crop species, and the nature and scale of early agricultural impacts on the landscape. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/60332
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Hartley Building, Liverpool L69 3GS, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Asouti E.,Kabukcu C.. Holocene semi-arid oak woodlands in the Irano-Anatolian region of Southwest Asia: Natural or anthropogenic?[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2014-01-01,90