DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.06.027
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84880622308
论文题名: Using paleolimnology to track the impacts of early Arctic peoples on freshwater ecosystems from southern Baffin Island, Nunavut
作者: Michelutti N. ; McCleary K.M. ; Antoniades D. ; Sutherland P. ; Blais J.M. ; Douglas M.S.V. ; Smol J.P.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2013
卷: 76 起始页码: 82
结束页码: 95
语种: 英语
英文关键词: AMS radiocarbon dating
; Arctic freshwaters
; Cultural eutrophication
; Diatoms
; Dorset
; Paleolimnology
; Stable isotopes of nitrogen (δ15N)
; Thule
Scopus关键词: AMS radiocarbon dating
; Diatoms
; Dorset
; Fresh Water
; Stable isotopes
; Thule
; Catchments
; Ecosystems
; Employment
; Eutrophication
; Isotopes
; Lakes
; Mammals
; Nitrogen
; Paleolimnology
; Phytoplankton
; Ponds
; Runoff
; Sedimentation
; Water
; Nutrients
; anthropogenic effect
; arctic environment
; carbon isotope
; cultural tradition
; diatom
; ecological impact
; eutrophication
; freshwater
; freshwater ecosystem
; geochronology
; human activity
; hunting
; marine mammal
; nitrogen isotope
; nutrient enrichment
; paleoclimate
; paleoecology
; paleoenvironment
; paleolimnology
; periodicity
; pond
; radiocarbon dating
; reconstruction
; sediment core
; stable isotope
; water chemistry
; Baffin Island
; Canada
; Nunavut
英文摘要: Paleolimnological approaches can be used to determine the ways in which past Arctic peoples have affected the ecosystems in which they live, and simultaneously to reconstruct the climate and other aspects of the environment that may have influenced local populations. Here we analyze sediment cores from seven ponds on the south-western coast of Baffin Island, Nunavut, in order to assess the impacts of early Arctic peoples on freshwater ecosystems. Prior to the historic Inuit occupation, the study area was extensively inhabited by Thule culture Inuit (ca 1200-1600AD) and by an earlier Arctic group, the Dorset culture Palaeo-Eskimos (ca 500BC-1500AD) and their predecessors from as early as 2500BC. The study ponds were selected to cover a gradient of the intensity of human activity in their catchments. The ecological impacts of early hunting societies can be detected using paleolimnology because the butchering of marine mammals released nutrients that eutrophied nearby ponds and left distinct geochemical signals in the sediments. The degree of eutrophication in the small freshwater ponds depended on the length of the occupation, as well as the amount and type of marine mammals taken as primary prey items (eg, whales, walrus, or seals). All sediment cores were AMS 14C dated to establish their chronologies, and analyzed for diatoms and stable isotopes of nitrogen (δ15N). Both diatoms and sedimentary δ15N have been previously demonstrated to respond sensitively to nutrient enrichment from Inuit whalers. Our δ15N and diatom data record nutrient enrichment in lakes surrounded by either long-term Thule or Dorset settlements. The Dorset sites that were the locations of periodic seasonal gatherings did not register any evidence of eutrophication in the nearby ponds, reflecting the shorter, less intensive nature of these occupations. Similarly, nearby control ponds with no evidence of significant human activity in their catchments showed little-to-no changes in δ15N profiles and diatom assemblages. Due to slow rates of decomposition, nutrients from butchered marine animal bones continue to influence the freshwater sites into which they drain, as evidenced by higher than typical nutrient and production-related water chemistry variables. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/60541
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab, Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; Sección Limnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo CP 11400, Uruguay; Northlands Research Carleton and Memorial Universities, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Canadian Circumpolar Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Michelutti N.,McCleary K.M.,Antoniades D.,et al. Using paleolimnology to track the impacts of early Arctic peoples on freshwater ecosystems from southern Baffin Island, Nunavut[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2013-01-01,76