DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13554
论文题名: Novel forest decline triggered by multiple interactions among climate, an introduced pathogen and bark beetles
作者: Wong C.M. ; Daniels L.D.
刊名: Global Change Biology
出版年: 2017
卷: 23, 期: 5 起始页码: 1926
结束页码: 1941
语种: 英语
英文关键词: drought stress
; forest decline
; mountain pine beetle
; non-native species
; novel disturbance
; Pacific Decadal Oscillation
; synergistic interactions
; whitebark pine
Scopus关键词: Coleoptera
; Cronartium ribicola
; Dendroctonus ponderosae
; Hexapoda
; Ips
; Pinus albicaulis
; Pinus mugo
; Scolytinae
英文摘要: Novel forest decline is increasing due to global environmental change, yet the causal factors and their interactions remain poorly understood. Using tree ring analyses, we show how climate and multiple biotic factors caused the decline of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) in 16 stands in the southern Canadian Rockies. In our study area, 72% of whitebark pines were dead and 18% had partially dead crowns. Tree mortality peaked in the 1970s; however, the annual basal area increment of disturbed trees began to decline significantly in the late 1940s. Growth decline persisted up to 30 years before trees died from mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae), Ips spp. bark beetles or non-native blister rust pathogen (Cronartium ribicola). Climate–growth relations varied over time and differed among the healthy and disturbed subpopulations of whitebark pine. Prior to the 1940s, cool temperatures limited the growth of all subpopulations. Growth of live, healthy trees became limited by drought during the cool phase (1947 –1976) of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and then reverted to positive correlations with temperature during the subsequent warm PDO phase. In the 1940s, the climate–growth relations of the disturbed subpopulations diverged from the live, healthy trees with trees ultimately killed by mountain pine beetle diverging the most. We propose that multiple factors interacted over several decades to cause unprecedented rates of whitebark pine mortality. Climatic variation during the cool PDO phase caused drought stress that may have predisposed trees to blister rust. Subsequent decline in snowpack and warming temperatures likely incited further climatic stress and with blister rust reduced tree resistance to bark beetles. Ultimately, bark beetles and blister rust contributed to tree death. Our findings suggest the complexity of whitebark pine decline and the importance of considering multiway drought–disease–insect interactions over various timescales when interpreting forest decline. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 资助项目: Wong, C.M.
; Department of Geography, University of British ColumbiaCanada
; 电子邮件: carmen.wong@pc.gc.ca
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/60980
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Wong C.M.,Daniels L.D.. Novel forest decline triggered by multiple interactions among climate, an introduced pathogen and bark beetles[J]. Global Change Biology,2017-01-01,23(5)