globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13221
论文题名:
Soil-plant-atmosphere conditions regulating convective cloud formation above southeastern US pine plantations
作者: Manoli G.; Domec J.-C.; Novick K.; Oishi A.C.; Noormets A.; Marani M.; Katul G.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2016
卷: 22, 期:6
起始页码: 2238
结束页码: 2254
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Convective clouds ; Forest ecosystem ; Land-cover change ; Soil-plant-atmosphere interactions
Scopus关键词: carbon sink ; cloud cover ; convective cloud ; forest ecosystem ; hydrological cycle ; land cover ; plantation forestry ; soil water ; water content ; United States ; Pinus taeda ; soil ; atmosphere ; chemistry ; forest ; loblolly pine ; physiology ; soil ; theoretical model ; United States ; water cycle ; weather ; Atmosphere ; Forests ; Models, Theoretical ; Pinus taeda ; Soil ; Southeastern United States ; Water Cycle ; Weather
英文摘要: Loblolly pine trees (Pinus taeda L.) occupy more than 20% of the forested area in the southern United States, represent more than 50% of the standing pine volume in this region, and remove from the atmosphere about 500 g C m-2 per year through net ecosystem exchange. Hence, their significance as a major regional carbon sink can hardly be disputed. What is disputed is whether the proliferation of young plantations replacing old forest in the southern United States will alter key aspects of the hydrologic cycle, including convective rainfall, which is the focus of the present work. Ecosystem fluxes of sensible (Hs) and latent heat (LE) and large-scale, slowly evolving free atmospheric temperature and water vapor content are known to be first-order controls on the formation of convective clouds in the atmospheric boundary layer. These controlling processes are here described by a zero-order analytical model aimed at assessing how plantations of different ages may regulate the persistence and transition of the atmospheric system between cloudy and cloudless conditions. Using the analytical model together with field observations, the roles of ecosystem Hs and LE on convective cloud formation are explored relative to the entrainment of heat and moisture from the free atmosphere. Our results demonstrate that cloudy-cloudless regimes at the land surface are regulated by a nonlinear relation between the Bowen ratio Bo=Hs/LE and root-zone soil water content, suggesting that young/mature pines ecosystems have the ability to recirculate available water (through rainfall predisposition mechanisms). Such nonlinearity was not detected in a much older pine stand, suggesting a higher tolerance to drought but a limited control on boundary layer dynamics. These results enable the generation of hypotheses about the impacts on convective cloud formation driven by afforestation/deforestation and groundwater depletion projected to increase following increased human population in the southeastern United States. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
资助项目: This study was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF-EAR-1344703) and the US Department of Energy through the Office of Biological and Environmental Research Terrestrial Carbon Processes program (DE-SC0006967 and DE-SC0011461). US-NC1 and US-NC2 flux sites have been supported by DOE BER-TES awards number 7090112 and 11-DE-SC-0006700, USDA NIFA CAP Award 2011-68002-30185, and USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center Grant 08-JV-11330147-038. The authors confirm that they have no interest or relationship, financial, or otherwise that might be perceived as influencing objectivity with respect to this work.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/61392
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性

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作者单位: Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States; Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States; School of Public and Environment Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States; Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Otto, NC, United States

Recommended Citation:
Manoli G.,Domec J.-C.,Novick K.,et al. Soil-plant-atmosphere conditions regulating convective cloud formation above southeastern US pine plantations[J]. Global Change Biology,2016-01-01,22(6)
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