DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12913
论文题名: Winter warming as an important co-driver for Betula nana growth in western Greenland during the past century
作者: Hollesen J. ; Buchwal A. ; Rachlewicz G. ; Hansen B.U. ; Hansen M.O. ; Stecher O. ; Elberling B.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2015
卷: 21, 期: 6 起始页码: 2410
结束页码: 2423
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Arctic
; Betula nana
; Dendrochronology
; Greenland
; Shrub expansion
; Winter warming
Scopus关键词: air temperature
; angiosperm
; climate effect
; dendrochronology
; growth rate
; shrub
; warming
; winter
; Arctic
; Disko Island
; Greenland
; Betula nana
; snow
; soil
; Arctic
; birch
; climate change
; Greenland
; ice cover
; physiology
; season
; soil
; temperature
; tundra
; Arctic Regions
; Betula
; Climate Change
; Greenland
; Ice Cover
; Seasons
; Snow
; Soil
; Temperature
; Tundra
英文摘要: Growing season conditions are widely recognized as the main driver for tundra shrub radial growth, but the effects of winter warming and snow remain an open question. Here, we present a more than 100 years long Betula nana ring-width chronology from Disko Island in western Greenland that demonstrates a highly significant and positive growth response to both summer and winter air temperatures during the past century. The importance of winter temperatures for Betula nana growth is especially pronounced during the periods from 1910-1930 to 1990-2011 that were dominated by significant winter warming. To explain the strong winter importance on growth, we assessed the importance of different environmental factors using site-specific measurements from 1991 to 2011 of soil temperatures, sea ice coverage, precipitation and snow depths. The results show a strong positive growth response to the amount of thawing and growing degree-days as well as to winter and spring soil temperatures. In addition to these direct effects, a strong negative growth response to sea ice extent was identified, indicating a possible link between local sea ice conditions, local climate variations and Betula nana growth rates. Data also reveal a clear shift within the last 20 years from a period with thick snow depths (1991-1996) and a positive effect on Betula nana radial growth, to a period (1997-2011) with generally very shallow snow depths and no significant growth response towards snow. During this period, winter and spring soil temperatures have increased significantly suggesting that the most recent increase in Betula nana radial growth is primarily triggered by warmer winter and spring air temperatures causing earlier snowmelt that allows the soils to drain and warm quicker. The presented results may help to explain the recently observed 'greening of the Arctic' which may further accelerate in future years due to both direct and indirect effects of winter warming. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/61625
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geoscience and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Conservation and Natural Sciences, National Museum of Denmark, I.C. Modewegsvej, Brede, Lyngby, Denmark; Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, Adam Mickiewicz University, Dziegielowa 27, Poznan, Poland; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Ecosystem and Biomedical Lab, 3151 Alumni Loop, Anchorage, AK, United States; Arctic Station, University of Copenhagen, Qeqertarsuaq, Greenland
Recommended Citation:
Hollesen J.,Buchwal A.,Rachlewicz G.,et al. Winter warming as an important co-driver for Betula nana growth in western Greenland during the past century[J]. Global Change Biology,2015-01-01,21(6)