DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13015
论文题名: Global inequities between polluters and the polluted: Climate change impacts on coral reefs
作者: Wolff N.H. ; Donner S.D. ; Cao L. ; Iglesias-Prieto R. ; Sale P.F. ; Mumby P.J.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2015
卷: 21, 期: 11 起始页码: 3982
结束页码: 3994
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Bleaching
; Climate change
; Coral reefs
; Equity
; Green Climate Fund
; Ocean acidification
; Vulnerability
Scopus关键词: acidification
; adaptive management
; carbon emission
; climate change
; climate effect
; coral bleaching
; coral reef
; ecological impact
; ecosystem service
; environmental policy
; greenhouse gas
; sea surface temperature
; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
; Anthozoa
; air pollutant
; gas
; sea water
; air pollutant
; analysis
; biological model
; chemistry
; climate change
; coral reef
; environmental planning
; gas
; greenhouse effect
; heat
; legislation and jurisprudence
; pH
; Air Pollutants
; Climate Change
; Coral Reefs
; Environmental Policy
; Gases
; Greenhouse Effect
; Hot Temperature
; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
; Models, Biological
; Seawater
英文摘要: For many ecosystem services, it remains uncertain whether the impacts of climate change will be mostly negative or positive and how these changes will be geographically distributed. These unknowns hamper the identification of regional winners and losers, which can influence debate over climate policy. Here, we use coral reefs to explore the spatial variability of climate stress by modelling the ecological impacts of rising sea temperatures and ocean acidification, two important coral stressors associated with increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We then combine these results with national per capita emissions to quantify inequities arising from the distribution of cause (CO2 emissions) and effect (stress upon reefs) among coral reef countries. We find pollution and coral stress are spatially decoupled, creating substantial inequity of impacts as a function of emissions. We then consider the implications of such inequity for international climate policy. Targets for GHG reductions are likely to be tied to a country's emissions. Yet within a given level of GHG emissions, our analysis reveals that some countries experience relatively high levels of impact and will likely experience greater financial cost in terms of lost ecosystem productivity and more extensive adaptation measures. We suggest countries so disadvantaged be given access to international adaptation funds proportionate with impacts to their ecosystem. We raise the idea that funds could be more equitably allocated by formally including a metric of equity within a vulnerability framework. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/61639
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Marine Spatial Eco. Lab, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, 1984 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Unidad Académica Puerto Morelos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 1152, Cancún, Mexico; Institute for Water, Environment and Health, United Nations University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Wolff N.H.,Donner S.D.,Cao L.,et al. Global inequities between polluters and the polluted: Climate change impacts on coral reefs[J]. Global Change Biology,2015-01-01,21(11)