DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12824
论文题名: Snowpack, fire, and forest disturbance: Interactions affect montane invasions by non-native shrubs
作者: Stevens J.T. ; Latimer A.M.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2015
卷: 21, 期: 6 起始页码: 2379
结束页码: 2393
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Climate change
; Fire
; Forest disturbance
; Interactions
; Invasibility
; Mountains
; Non-native plants
; Snowpack
Scopus关键词: climate change
; environmental disturbance
; fire
; global climate
; invasibility
; land use change
; montane forest
; shrub
; snowpack
; California
; Sierra Nevada [California]
; United States
; Cytisus multiflorus
; Cytisus scoparius
; Spartium junceum
; snow
; altitude
; California
; climate change
; Cytisus
; ecosystem
; fire
; forest
; germination
; growth, development and aging
; introduced species
; season
; Spartium
; Altitude
; California
; Climate Change
; Cytisus
; Ecosystem
; Fires
; Forests
; Germination
; Introduced Species
; Seasons
; Snow
; Spartium
英文摘要: Montane regions worldwide have experienced relatively low plant invasion rates, a trend attributed to increased climatic severity, low rates of disturbance, and reduced propagule pressure relative to lowlands. Manipulative experiments at elevations above the invasive range of non-native species can clarify the relative contributions of these mechanisms to montane invasion resistance, yet such experiments are rare. Furthermore, global climate change and land use changes are expected to cause decreases in snowpack and increases in disturbance by fire and forest thinning in montane forests. We examined the importance of these factors in limiting montane invasions using a field transplant experiment above the invasive range of two non-native lowland shrubs, Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) and Spanish broom (Spartium junceum), in the rain-snow transition zone of the Sierra Nevada of California. We tested the effects of canopy closure, prescribed fire, and winter snow depth on demographic transitions of each species. Establishment of both species was most likely at intermediate levels of canopy disturbance, but at this intermediate canopy level, snow depth had negative effects on winter survival of seedlings. We used matrix population models to show that an 86% reduction in winter snowfall would cause a 2.8-fold increase in population growth rates in Scotch broom and a 3.5-fold increase in Spanish broom. Fall prescribed fire increased germination rates, but decreased overall population growth rates by reducing plant survival. However, at longer fire return intervals, population recovery between fires is likely to keep growth rates high, especially under low snowpack conditions. Many treatment combinations had positive growth rates despite being above the current invasive range, indicating that propagule pressure, disturbance, and climate can all strongly affect plant invasions in montane regions. We conclude that projected reductions in winter snowpack and increases in forest disturbance are likely to increase the risk of invasion from lower elevations. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/61830
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Graduate Group in Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Stevens J.T.,Latimer A.M.. Snowpack, fire, and forest disturbance: Interactions affect montane invasions by non-native shrubs[J]. Global Change Biology,2015-01-01,21(6)