| DOI: | 10.1111/gcb.12697
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| 论文题名: | Species distributions shift downward across western North America |
| 作者: | Harsch M.A.; Hille Ris Lambers J.
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| 刊名: | Global Change Biology
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| ISSN: | 13541013
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| 出版年: | 2014
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 英文关键词: | Changes in precipitation
; Climate change
; Climate warming
; Declining snowpack
; Distribution shifts
; Historical records
; Range contraction
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| 英文摘要: | Using an extensive network of occurrence records for 296 plant species collected over the past 40 years across a climatically diverse geographic section of western North America, we find that 63% of distributions are shifting downward (i.e., toward lower elevations) - despite consistent warming across the study area. Downward distribution shifts were consistent across plant lifeforms and occur in all regions across the study area. The proportion of species shifting downward, however, differed between regions. To understand why species distributional means are shifting downward, we explored the relationship between the direction of change in distribution limits and the nature of recent climate change. We found that the interaction between local summer temperatures and seasonal precipitation determined the direction of distribution limit shifts. Specifically, species shifted downward at their upper elevational limit when maximum temperatures increased and snowfall declined at faster rates. By contrast, species shifted downward at low their lower elevation limit when precipitation increased. This is consistent with downward distribution shifts being mediated by moisture stress, with declining snow at upper distribution limits increasing moisture stress (leading to a range contraction downward) while increasing precipitation decreases moisture stress at lower distribution limits (leading to a distribution expansion downward). Although we believe direct physiological impacts of altered water availability primarily drive downward distribution shifts, altered competitive interactions due to climate change may also be responsible - this is an area that requires more research. Our results suggest that future species' elevational distribution shifts will be complex, depending on the interaction between seasonal temperature and precipitation change. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/61936
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: | Department of Biology University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 USA
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Harsch M.A.,Hille Ris Lambers J.. Species distributions shift downward across western North America[J]. Global Change Biology,2014-01-01
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