globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12028
论文题名:
Variable temperature effects of Open Top Chambers at polar and alpine sites explained by irradiance and snow depth
作者: Bokhorst S.; Huiskes A.; Aerts R.; Convey P.; Cooper E.J.; Dalen L.; Erschbamer B.; Gudmundsson J.; Hofgaard A.; Hollister R.D.; Johnstone J.; Jónsdóttir I.S.; Lebouvier M.; Van de Vijver B.; Wahren C.-H.; Dorrepaal E.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2013
卷: 19, 期:1
起始页码: 64
结束页码: 74
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Alpine ; Antarctic ; Arctic ; Climate change ; Extreme weather ; Freeze-thaw ; PAR ; Snow ; Temperature variation ; Tundra ; Warming experiment ; Wind
Scopus关键词: snow ; climate change ; diurnal activity ; freeze-thaw cycle ; global warming ; irradiation ; microclimate ; polar region ; snow ; temperature effect ; tundra ; vegetation ; review ; temperature ; Snow ; Temperature
英文摘要: Environmental manipulation studies are integral to determining biological consequences of climate warming. Open Top Chambers (OTCs) have been widely used to assess summer warming effects on terrestrial biota, with their effects during other seasons normally being given less attention even though chambers are often deployed year-round. In addition, their effects on temperature extremes and freeze-thaw events are poorly documented. To provide robust documentation of the microclimatic influences of OTCs throughout the year, we analysed temperature data from 20 studies distributed across polar and alpine regions. The effects of OTCs on mean temperature showed a large range (-0.9 to 2.1 °C) throughout the year, but did not differ significantly between studies. Increases in mean monthly and diurnal temperature were strongly related (R2 = 0.70) with irradiance, indicating that PAR can be used to predict the mean warming effect of OTCs. Deeper snow trapped in OTCs also induced higher temperatures at soil/vegetation level. OTC-induced changes in the frequency of freeze-thaw events included an increase in autumn and decreases in spring and summer. Frequency of high-temperature events in OTCs increased in spring, summer and autumn compared with non-manipulated control plots. Frequency of low-temperature events was reduced by deeper snow accumulation and higher mean temperatures. The strong interactions identified between aspects of ambient environmental conditions and effects of OTCs suggest that a detailed knowledge of snow depth, temperature and irradiance levels enables us to predict how OTCs will modify the microclimate at a particular site and season. Such predictive power allows a better mechanistic understanding of observed biotic response to experimental warming studies and for more informed design of future experiments. However, a need remains to quantify OTC effects on water availability and wind speed (affecting, for example, drying rates and water stress) in combination with microclimate measurements at organism level. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/62569
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性

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作者单位: Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural sciences, Umeå 901 83, Sweden; Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Unit for Polar Ecology, Po Box 140, Yerseke, AC, 4400, Netherlands; Department of Systems Ecology, Institute of Ecological Science, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, HV, NL-1081, Netherlands; British Antarctic Survey, High Crossm, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, United Kingdom; Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences Fisheries and Economics, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, N-9037, Norway; Division of Biodiversity and Climate Change, Directorate for Nature Management, Trondheim, N-7485, Norway; Institute of Botany, Alpine Research Centre Obergurgl, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, Innsbruck, A-6020, Austria; Department of Environmental Science, Agricultural University of Iceland, Keldnaholt, Reykjavík, IS-112, Iceland; Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Po Box 5685 Sluppen, Trondheim, NO-7485, Norway; Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI 49401, United States; Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada; Institute of Biology, University of Iceland, Askja, Sturlugata 7, Reykjavik, IS-101, Iceland; UMR 6553 Ecobio CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Station Biologique, Paimpont, 35380, France; Department of Cryptogamy (Bryophyta and Thallophyta), National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Domein van Bouchout, Meise, 1860, Belgium; Research Centre for Applied Alpine Ecology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; Climate Impacts Research Centre, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå Universitet, Abisko Sverige, SE-98107, Sweden

Recommended Citation:
Bokhorst S.,Huiskes A.,Aerts R.,et al. Variable temperature effects of Open Top Chambers at polar and alpine sites explained by irradiance and snow depth[J]. Global Change Biology,2013-01-01,19(1)
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