DOI: 10.1002/2016JD025344
论文题名: In situ and space-based observations of the Kelud volcanic plume: The persistence of ash in the lower stratosphere
作者: Vernier J.-P. ; Fairlie T.D. ; Deshler T. ; Natarajan M. ; Knepp T. ; Foster K. ; Wienhold F.G. ; Bedka K.M. ; Thomason L. ; Trepte C.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
ISSN: 2169897X
出版年: 2016
卷: 121, 期: 18 起始页码: 11104
结束页码: 11118
语种: 英语
英文关键词: aerosol
; stratosphere
; volcano
Scopus关键词: aerosol
; CALIOP
; clear sky
; climate effect
; concentration (composition)
; in situ measurement
; optical depth
; persistence
; radiative forcing
; satellite altimetry
; settling velocity
; stratosphere
; top of atmosphere
; volcanic ash
; volcanic cloud
; volcanic eruption
; Australia
; East Java
; Greater Sunda Islands
; Java
; Mount Kelud
; Sunda Isles
英文摘要: Volcanic eruptions are important causes of natural variability in the climate system at all time scales. Assessments of the climate impact of volcanic eruptions by climate models almost universally assume that sulfate aerosol is the only radiatively active volcanic material. We report satellite observations from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) on board the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) satellite after the eruption of Mount Kelud (Indonesia) on 13 February 2014 of volcanic materials in the lower stratosphere. Using these observations along with in situ measurements with the Compact Optical Backscatter AerosoL Detector (COBALD) backscatter sondes and optical particle counters (OPCs) made during a balloon field campaign in northern Australia, we find that fine ash particles with a radius below 0.3 µm likely represented between 20 and 28% of the total volcanic cloud aerosol optical depth 3 months after the eruption. A separation of 1.5–2 km between the ash and sulfate plumes is observed in the CALIOP extinction profiles as well as in the aerosol number concentration measurements of the OPC after 3 months. The settling velocity of fine ash with a radius of 0.3 µm in the tropical lower stratosphere is reduced by 50% due to the upward motion of the Brewer-Dobson circulation resulting a doubling of its lifetime. Three months after the eruption, we find a mean tropical clear-sky radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere from the Kelud plume near −0.08 W/m2 after including the presence of ash; a value ~20% higher than if sulfate alone is considered. Thus, surface cooling following volcanic eruptions could be affected by the persistence of ash and should be considered in climate simulations. ©2016. The Authors. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/62825
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, United States; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, United States; Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETHZ), Zurich, Switzerland
Recommended Citation:
Vernier J.-P.,Fairlie T.D.,Deshler T.,et al. In situ and space-based observations of the Kelud volcanic plume: The persistence of ash in the lower stratosphere[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,2016-01-01,121(18)