DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50613
论文题名: Arctic surface temperature change to emissions of black carbon within Arctic or midlatitudes
作者: Sand M. ; Berntsen T.K. ; Seland O. ; Kristjánsson J.E.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 21698996
出版年: 2013
卷: 118, 期: 14 起始页码: 7788
结束页码: 7798
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Arctic
; Black carbon
; Climate modeling
; Climate sensitivity
; Emissions
Scopus关键词: Atmospheric temperature
; Particulate emissions
; Sea ice
; Snow
; Surface properties
; Arctic
; Black carbon
; Cleaner technologies
; Climate sensitivity
; Global climate model
; Seasonal variation
; Surface temperature changes
; Surface temperatures
; Climate models
; altitude
; atmospheric deposition
; atmospheric pollution
; black carbon
; climate modeling
; emission
; fractionation
; global climate
; latitude
; pollutant source
; seasonal variation
; sensitivity analysis
; surface temperature
; Arctic
英文摘要: In this study, we address the question of how sensitive the Arctic climate is to black carbon (BC) emitted within the Arctic compared to BC emitted at midlatitudes. We consider the emission-climate response spectrum and present a set of experiments using a global climate model. A new emission data set including BC emissions from flaring and a seasonal variation in the domestic sector has been used. The climate model includes a snow model to simulate the climate effect of BC deposited on snow. We find that BC emitted within the Arctic has an almost five times larger Arctic surface temperature response (per unit of emitted mass) compared to emissions at midlatitudes. Especially during winter, BC emitted in North-Eurasia is transported into the high Arctic at low altitudes. A large fraction of the surface temperature response from BC is due to increased absorption when BC is deposited on snow and sea ice with associated feedbacks. Today there are few within-Arctic sources of BC, but the emissions are expected to grow due to increased human activity in the Arctic. There is a great need to improve cleaner technologies if further development is to take place in the Arctic, especially since the Arctic has a significantly higher sensitivity to BC emitted within the Arctic compared to BC emitted at midlatitudes. Key Points The emission-response spectrum of black carbon is simulated in a climate model The Arctic climate is sensitive to BC emitted within the Arctic A large fraction of the Arctic climate response is due to the snow/albedo effect ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/63537
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1022, 0315 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
Recommended Citation:
Sand M.,Berntsen T.K.,Seland O.,et al. Arctic surface temperature change to emissions of black carbon within Arctic or midlatitudes[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2013-01-01,118(14)