DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50426
论文题名: Evaluation of multidecadal variability in CMIP5 surface solar radiation and inferred underestimation of aerosol direct effects over Europe, China, Japan, and India
作者: Allen R.J. ; Norris J.R. ; Wild M.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 21698996
出版年: 2013
卷: 118, 期: 12 起始页码: 6311
结束页码: 6336
语种: 英语
英文关键词: aerosols
; brightening
; CMIP5
; dimming
; GEBA
; surface solar radiation
Scopus关键词: Aerosols
; Atmospheric aerosols
; Atmospheric radiation
; Dimming (lamps)
; Radiation effects
; Solar radiation
; Sun
; Aerosol direct radiative forcing
; Aerosol radiative forcing
; brightening
; CMIP5
; Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
; GEBA
; Multidecadal variability
; Surface solar radiation
; Climate models
; aerosol
; brightness temperature
; cloud cover
; correlation
; decadal variation
; emission
; optical depth
; proxy climate record
; radiative forcing
; solar radiation
; Asia
; Europe
英文摘要: Observations from the Global Energy Balance Archive indicate regional decreases in all sky surface solar radiation from ∼1950s to 1980s, followed by an increase during the 1990s. These periods are popularly called dimming and brightening, respectively. Removal of the radiative effects of cloud cover variability from all sky surface solar radiation results in a quantity called "clear sky proxy" radiation, in which multidecadal trends can be seen more distinctly, suggesting aerosol radiative forcing as a likely cause. Prior work has shown climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 3 (CMIP3) generally underestimate the magnitude of these trends, particularly over China and India. Here we perform a similar analysis with 173 simulations from 42 climate models participating in the new CMIP5. Results show negligible improvement over CMIP3, as CMIP5 dimming trends over four regions - Europe, China, India, and Japan - are all underestimated. This bias is largest for both India and China, where the multimodel mean yields a decrease in clear sky proxy radiation of -1.3±0.3 and -1.2±0.2 W m-2decade -1, respectively, compared to observed decreases of -6.5±0.9 and -8.2±1.3 W m-2decade-1. Similar underestimation of the observed dimming over Japan exists, with the CMIP5 mean dimming ∼20% as large as observed. Moreover, not a single simulation reproduces the magnitude of the observed dimming trend for these three regions. Relative to dimming, CMIP5 models better simulate the observed brightening, but significant underestimation exists for both China and Japan. Overall, no individual model performs particularly well for all four regions. Model biases do not appear to be related to the use of prescribed versus prognostic aerosols or to aerosol indirect effects. However, models exhibit significant correlations between clear sky proxy radiation and several aerosol-related fields, most notably aerosol optical depth (AOD) and absorption AOD. This suggests model underestimation of the observed trends is related to underestimation of aerosol direct radiative forcing and/or deficient aerosol emission inventories. Key Points CMIP5 models underestimate the magnitude of observed dimming and brightening Models exhibit correlations between solar radiation and several aerosol fields Underestimation is related to aerosol direct forcing and/or emissions © 2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/63652
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Department of Earth Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, United States; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, United States; Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Recommended Citation:
Allen R.J.,Norris J.R.,Wild M.. Evaluation of multidecadal variability in CMIP5 surface solar radiation and inferred underestimation of aerosol direct effects over Europe, China, Japan, and India[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2013-01-01,118(12)