DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50388
论文题名: Microphysical and radiative changes in cirrus clouds by geoengineering the stratosphere
作者: Cirisan A. ; Spichtinger P. ; Luo B.P. ; Weisenstein D.K. ; Wernli H. ; Lohmann U. ; Peter T.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 21698996
出版年: 2013
卷: 118, 期: 10 起始页码: 4533
结束页码: 4548
语种: 英语
英文关键词: cirrus clouds
; cloud radiative forcing
; geoengineering
; stratosphere-troposphere exchange
Scopus关键词: Aerosols
; Atmospheric movements
; Atmospheric radiation
; Cooling
; Drops
; Global warming
; Greenhouse gases
; Radiation effects
; Sulfur dioxide
; Sun
; Troposphere
; Cirrus clouds
; Cloud radiative effects
; Cloud radiative forcing
; Geoengineering
; Radiation transfer model
; Stratosphere-troposphere exchange
; Stratospheric aerosols
; Temperature and humidities
; Clouds
; cirrus
; cloud radiative forcing
; cooling
; global warming
; greenhouse gas
; humidity
; mixing ratio
; solar radiation
; stratosphere
; sulfate
; troposphere
英文摘要: In the absence of tangible progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the implementation of solar radiation management has been suggested as measure to stop global warming. Here we investigate the impacts on northern midlatitude cirrus from continuous SO2 emissions of 2-10 Mt/a in the tropical stratosphere. Transport of geoengineering aerosols into the troposphere was calculated along trajectories based on ERA Interim reanalyses using ozone concentrations to quantify the degree of mixing of stratospheric and tropospheric air termed "troposphericity". Modeled size distributions of the geoengineered H2 SO4 -H2 O droplets have been fed into a cirrus box model with spectral microphysics. The geoengineering is predicted to cause changes in ice number density by up to 50%, depending on troposphericity and cooling rate. We estimate the resulting cloud radiative effects from a radiation transfer model. Complex interplay between the few large stratospheric and many small tropospheric H2 SO4 -H 2 O droplets gives rise to partly counteracting radiative effects: local increases in cloud radiative forcing up to +2 W/m2for low troposphericities and slow cooling rates, and decreases up to -7.5 W/m 2for high troposphericities and fast cooling rates. The resulting mean impact on the northern midlatitudes by changes in cirrus is predicted to be low, namely <1% of the intended radiative forcing by the stratospheric aerosols. This suggests that stratospheric sulphate geoengineering is unlikely to have large microphysical effects on the mean cirrus radiative forcing. However, this study disregards feedbacks, such as temperature and humidity changes in the upper troposphere, which must be examined separately. Key PointsStratospheric geoengineering has not important side effect on cirrus clouds. ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/63764
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), Harvard University, Cambridge MA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Cirisan A.,Spichtinger P.,Luo B.P.,et al. Microphysical and radiative changes in cirrus clouds by geoengineering the stratosphere[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2013-01-01,118(10)