DOI: 10.1029/2012JD018424
论文题名: Characterization of methyl bromide and methyl chloride fluxes at temperate freshwater wetlands
作者: Hardacre C.J. ; Heal M.R.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 21698996
出版年: 2013
卷: 118, 期: 2 起始页码: 977
结束页码: 991
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Chlorine compounds
; Uncertainty analysis
; Calluna vulgaris
; Environmental parameter
; Flux measurements
; Freshwater wetlands
; Methyl chlorides
; Phragmites australis
; Standard deviation
; World meteorological organizations
; Wetlands
; atmospheric pollution
; bromide
; chloride
; flux measurement
; freshwater environment
; growing season
; herb
; pollutant source
; wetland
; Scotland
; United Kingdom
; Bryophyta
; Calluna vulgaris
; Phragmites australis
英文摘要: Methyl bromide (CH3Br) and methyl chloride (CH± Cl) are important natural sources of halogens to the atmosphere. A total of 568 CH3Br and 418 CH3 Cl net flux measurements were made for up to 2 years at the same locations within four different wetlands in Scotland. Mean (± 1 standard deviation (SD)) CH3 Br and CH3 Cl net fluxes across all measurements at each wetland were: Auchencorth Moss, 8 (±7) and 3560 (±1260) ngm-2 h-1; Old Castle Farm, 420 (± 70) and 500 (± 260) ngm-2 h-1; Red Moss of Balerno, 500 (± 90) and 140,000 (± 36,000) ngm-2 h-1; and St Margaret's Marsh, 3600 (± 600) and ±270 (± 450) ngm-2 h-1. None of the wetlands was a large net sink. Where substantial emissions were observed, these followed seasonal trends, increasing early in the growing season and declining in early autumn. Some diurnal cycles were observed, with emissions greatest during the day, although lower emissions were present at night. None of the measured environmental parameters was a strong "universal" driver for fluxes, which were heterogeneous within and between the wetlands, and larger on average than reported to date; plant species appeared to be the dominant factor, the latter confirmed by vegetation removal experiments. Calluna vulgaris and Phragmites australis emitted particularly large amounts of CH3 Br, the former also emitting substantial CH3 Cl. While acknowledging the substantial uncertainties in extrapolating globally, observations from this work suggest that wetlands contribute more CH3 Br and CH3 Cl to the atmosphere than current World Meteorological Organization estimates. © 2012. American Geophysical Union. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/64025
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Rd., Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom; Current Address: Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Hardacre C.J.,Heal M.R.. Characterization of methyl bromide and methyl chloride fluxes at temperate freshwater wetlands[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2013-01-01,118(2)