DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.022
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84988600905
论文题名: The relative contributions of disease and insects in the decline of a long-lived tree: a stochastic demographic model of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis)
作者: Jules E.S. ; Jackson J.I. ; van Mantgem P.J. ; Beck J.S. ; Murray M.P. ; Sahara E.A.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2016
卷: 381 起始页码: 144
结束页码: 156
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Cronartium ribicola
; Dendroctonus ponderosae
; Life-table response experiment
; Matrix population model
; Mountain pine beetle
; Pinus albicaulis
; Population viability analysis
; Stochastic population model
; White pine blister rust
; Whitebark pine
Scopus关键词: Ecosystems
; Forestry
; Pathogens
; Stochastic models
; Stochastic systems
; Cronartium ribicola
; Dendroctonus ponderosae
; Life table
; Matrix population model
; Mountain pine beetle
; Pinus albicaulis
; Population viability analysis
; Stochastic population models
; White pine
; Whitebark pine
; Population statistics
; beetle
; coniferous tree
; demographic trend
; disease incidence
; experimental study
; forest ecosystem
; fungal disease
; growth rate
; host-pathogen interaction
; invasive species
; mortality
; native species
; population decline
; population growth
; population viability analysis
; survival
; Crater Lake National Park
; Oregon
; United States
; Coleoptera
; Cronartium ribicola
; Dendroctonus ponderosae
; Hexapoda
; Pinus albicaulis
; Pinus mugo
英文摘要: Pathogens and insect pests have become increasingly important drivers of tree mortality in forested ecosystems. Unfortunately, understanding the relative contributions of multiple mortality agents to the population decline of trees is difficult, because it requires frequent measures of tree survival, growth, and recruitment, as well as the incidence of mortality agents. We present a population model of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), a high-elevation tree undergoing rapid decline in western North America. The loss of whitebark pine is thought to be primarily due to an invasive pathogen (white pine blister rust; Cronartium ribicola) and a native insect (mountain pine beetle; Dendroctonus ponderosae). We utilized seven plots in Crater Lake National Park (Oregon, USA) where 1220 trees were surveyed for health and the presence of blister rust and beetle activity annually from 2003–2014, except 2008. We constructed size-based projection matrices for nine years and calculated the deterministic growth rate (λ) using an average matrix and the stochastic growth rate (λs) by simulation for whitebark pine in our study population. We then assessed the roles of blister rust and beetles by calculating λ and λs using matrices in which we removed trees with blister rust and, separately, trees with beetles. We also conducted life-table response experiments (LTRE) to determine which demographic changes contributed most to differences in λ between ambient conditions and the two other scenarios. The model suggests that whitebark pine in our plots are currently declining 1.1% per year (λ = 0.9888, λs = 0.9899). Removing blister rust from the models resulted in almost no increase in growth (λ = 0.9916, λs = 0.9930), while removing beetles resulted in a larger increase in growth (λ = 1.0028, λs = 1.0045). The LTRE demonstrated that reductions in stasis of the three largest size classes due to beetles contributed most to the smaller λ in the ambient condition. Our work demonstrates a method for assessing the relative effects of different mortality agents on declining tree populations, and it shows that the effects of insects and pathogens can be markedly different from one another. In our study, beetle activity significantly reduced tree population growth while a pathogen had minimal effect, thus management actions to stabilize our study population will likely need to include reducing beetle activity. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/64655
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, United States; U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Redwood Field Station, 1655 Heindon Rd., Arcata, CA, United States; Crater Lake National Park, Crater LakeOR, United States; British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, Nelson, British Columbia, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Jules E.S.,Jackson J.I.,van Mantgem P.J.,et al. The relative contributions of disease and insects in the decline of a long-lived tree: a stochastic demographic model of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis)[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2016-01-01,381