DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.05.030
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84969804348
论文题名: Tree fern ecology in New Zealand: A model for southern temperate rainforests
作者: Brock J.M.R. ; Perry G.L.W. ; Lee W.G. ; Burns B.R.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2016
卷: 375 起始页码: 112
结束页码: 126
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Community dynamics
; Cyatheaceae
; Dicksoniaceae
; Forest regeneration
; Selective effect
; Tree fern
Scopus关键词: Ecology
; Ecosystems
; Nutrients
; Reforestation
; Community dynamics
; Cyatheaceae
; Dicksoniaceae
; Forest regeneration
; Selective effects
; Tree fern
; Forestry
; community dynamics
; differentiation
; ecological modeling
; ecophysiology
; ecosystem function
; ecosystem structure
; environmental disturbance
; environmental effect
; fern
; forest canopy
; nutrient cycling
; organic matter
; rainforest
; regeneration
; sporophyte
; succession
; temperate environment
; understory
; Africa
; New Zealand
; South America
; Cyatheaceae
; Dicksoniaceae
; Filicophyta
; Spermatophyta
英文摘要: Tree ferns are a ubiquitous and often locally dominant element of wet southern temperate rainforests across Australasia, southern Africa and in regions adjacent to the tropics in South America. Published data on the ecology of tree ferns throughout these forest ecosystems is piecemeal, with the most comprehensive literature describing the ecology of tree ferns coming from New Zealand. Therefore using New Zealand forests as a model system, we review the ecology and importance of tree ferns for forest structure and composition. Most studies of the ecology and function of forest species in New Zealand have focussed on spermatophytes. Even though tree ferns (Cyatheaceae, Dicksoniaceae) can represent more than 50% of basal area and more than 20% of forest biomass they have been largely overlooked and quantitative information on their contribution to forest structure and function is relatively scarce. Here for the first time we synthesise information on NZ's indigenous tree ferns published over the last 100 years and present new data on their ecology and potential ecosystem influences. Irradiance and nutrient (N, P) levels constrain development of tree fern gametophytes, with P limitation potentially influencing sporophyte production. Tree ferns establish during temporary removal of forest canopies across various spatio-temporal scales including after local disturbances, wind-throw openings of the canopy, and landslides. Members of the Cyatheaceae exhibit spatial differentiation along temperature and solar radiation gradients; the Dicksoniaceae species differentiate most strongly on their frost tolerance. Frequency/abundance of all nine understory tree fern species indigenous to New Zealand increases with total soil phosphorus, with some niche differentiation among species along a broader nutrient gradient. Tree ferns are prominent in early and mid-successional forest communities where they may persist for more than 250 years. Individually, and as a group, tree-ferns impact nutrient cycling, organic matter accumulation and ground-level irradiance, often shading out tree seedlings. Tree ferns also have long-term physical impacts on the regeneration niche of associated species, with epiphytism on tree fern trunks providing alternative establishment surfaces for many species. Domination of nutrient resources by tree ferns early in succession is likely a key factor influencing community establishment. We conclude with key recommendations for future research on fundamental unknown elements of the ecology and synecology of tree ferns including greater determination of their ecophysiology and influence on forest community assemblages. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/64831
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Environment, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; Landcare Research, Private Bag 1930, Dunedin, New Zealand
Recommended Citation:
Brock J.M.R.,Perry G.L.W.,Lee W.G.,et al. Tree fern ecology in New Zealand: A model for southern temperate rainforests[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2016-01-01,375