DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.02.007
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84957624922
论文题名: Long-term study of damage to trees by brown bears Ursus arctos in Poland: Increasing trends with insignificant effects on forest management
作者: Zyśk-Gorczyńska E. ; Jakubiec Z. ; Wertz B. ; Wuczyński A.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2016
卷: 366 起始页码: 53
结束页码: 64
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Carpathians
; Damage to forests
; Foraging behavior
; Forest economy
; Long-term trends
; Tree damage
Scopus关键词: Population statistics
; Snow
; Surveys
; Carpathians
; Damage to forests
; Foraging behaviors
; Forest economy
; Long-term trend
; Tree damage
; Forestry
; Abies
; Coniferophyta
; Larix
; Picea
; Ursus arctos
英文摘要: We present a long-term quantitative analysis of forest damage caused by the brown bear (Ursus arctos) in the biggest refuge of this species in Poland. Based on questionnaires distributed to the relevant authorities we estimated the number of trees damaged by bears in 1991-2013, changes in the tree species composition and large-scale factors potentially affecting the extent of damage. We also discuss the importance of bear tree damage to forest management. Throughout the 23 years of the study we recorded 6937 trees damaged by bears: a clearly increasing trend and distinct fluctuations in tree numbers and species composition were discernible. Conifers (91.7% - fir 70.0%, larch 11.3%, spruce 9.5%, pine 0.9%) were more frequently damaged than deciduous species (2.9%). Larch and spruce were preferentially affected during the whole study period, and the preference for larch was distinct when collated with its availability in forest stands - a forage ratio of 0.50 compared to 0.35 for fir, 0.17 for spruce and 0.13 for pine. In 2003, however, bears suddenly switched to fir and it is this species that now predominates among the damaged trees, reaching 96.5% in 2013. Two models based on minimum AICc values were best explaining damage to trees. The most parsimonious model contained one explanatory variable: brown bear population size. The second best model included both bear population size and the average fir tree-ring width. Neither fluctuations in daily temperatures nor the number of days with snow cover had any influence on the scale of damage. Our findings suggest that damage caused by bears is not to be regarded as a serious problem by forest management in Poland and it is unlikely to reach a level of economic significance in the short term. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/65016
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lower-Silesian Field Station, Podwale 75, Wrocław, Poland; University of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Szafrana 1, Zielona Góra, Poland; University of Agriculture in Kraków, Faculty of Forestry, Al. 29-listopada 46, Kraków, Poland
Recommended Citation:
Zyśk-Gorczyńska E.,Jakubiec Z.,Wertz B.,et al. Long-term study of damage to trees by brown bears Ursus arctos in Poland: Increasing trends with insignificant effects on forest management[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2016-01-01,366