globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.01.034
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84962705516
论文题名:
Tamm Review: Management of mixed-severity fire regime forests in Oregon, Washington, and Northern California
作者: Hessburg P.F.; Spies T.A.; Perry D.A.; Skinner C.N.; Taylor A.H.; Brown P.M.; Stephens S.L.; Larson A.J.; Churchill D.J.; Povak N.A.; Singleton P.H.; McComb B.; Zielinski W.J.; Collins B.M.; Salter R.B.; Keane J.J.; Franklin J.F.; Riegel G.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN:  0378-1127
出版年: 2016
卷: 366
起始页码: 221
结束页码: 250
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Climate change ; Early successional habitats ; Forest resilience ; Multi-scale heterogeneity ; Patch size distributions ; Resistance ; Topographic controls
Scopus关键词: Climate change ; Economic and social effects ; Ecosystems ; Electric resistance ; Fires ; Logging (forestry) ; Vegetation ; Class distributions ; Early-successional ; Forest resilience ; Heterogeneous landscapes ; Prescribed burning ; Regulatory requirements ; Scale heterogeneities ; Topographic control ; Forestry ; age class ; chaparral ; climate change ; ecosystem resilience ; forest canopy ; grassland ; habitat ; heterogeneity ; literature review ; local planning ; native species ; patch size ; timber harvesting ; topographic effect ; vulnerability ; wildfire ; United States ; Hexapoda ; Strix occidentalis caurina
英文摘要: Increasingly, objectives for forests with moderate- or mixed-severity fire regimes are to restore successionally diverse landscapes that are resistant and resilient to current and future stressors. Maintaining native species and characteristic processes requires this successional diversity, but methods to achieve it are poorly explained in the literature. In the Inland Pacific US, large, old, early seral trees were a key historical feature of many young and old forest successional patches, especially where fires frequently occurred. Large, old trees are naturally fire-tolerant, but today are often threatened by dense understory cohorts that create fuel ladders that alter likely post-fire successional pathways. Reducing these understories can contribute to resistance by creating conditions where canopy trees will survive disturbances and climatic stressors; these survivors are important seed sources, soil protectors, and critical habitat elements. Historical timber harvesting has skewed tree size and age class distributions, created hard edges, and altered native patch sizes. Manipulating these altered forests to promote development of larger patches of older, larger, and more widely-spaced trees with diverse understories will increase landscape resistance to severe fires, and enhance wildlife habitat for underrepresented conditions.Closed-canopy, multi-layered patches that develop in hot, dry summer environments are vulnerable to droughts, and they increase landscape vulnerability to insect outbreaks and severe wildfires. These same patches provide habitat for species such as the northern spotted owl, which has benefited from increased habitat area. Regional and local planning will be critical for gauging risks, evaluating trade-offs, and restoring dynamics that can support these and other species. The goal will be to manage for heterogeneous landscapes that include variably-sized patches of (1) young, middle-aged, and old, closed-canopy forests growing in upper montane, northerly aspect, and valley bottom settings, (2) a similar diversity of open-canopy, fire-tolerant patches growing on ridgetops, southerly aspects, and lower montane settings, and (3) significant montane chaparral and grassland areas. Tools to achieve this goal include managed wildfire, prescribed burning, and variable density thinning at small to large scales. Specifics on "how much and where?" will vary according to physiographic, topographic and historical templates, and regulatory requirements, and be determined by means of a socio-ecological process. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/65020
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性

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作者单位: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1133 North Western Ave., Wenatchee, WA, United States; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Corvallis, OR, United States; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Redding, CA, United States; Department of Geography and Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, The Pennsylvania State UniversityPA, United States; Rocky Mountain Tree Ring Research, 2901 Moore Lane, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Department of Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States; College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States; College of Environment, School of Forest Resources, University of WashingtonWA, United States; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Wenatchee, WA, United States; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Arcata, CA, United States; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Davis, CA, United States; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Fresno, CA, United States; USDA Forest Service, Deschutes National Forest, Bend, OR, United States

Recommended Citation:
Hessburg P.F.,Spies T.A.,Perry D.A.,et al. Tamm Review: Management of mixed-severity fire regime forests in Oregon, Washington, and Northern California[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2016-01-01,366
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