DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.12.007
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84951857800
论文题名: Transition from windfall- to patch-driven outbreak dynamics of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus
作者: Økland B. ; Nikolov C. ; Krokene P. ; Vakula J.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2016
卷: 363 起始页码: 63
结束页码: 73
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Aggregation pheromone
; European spruce bark beetle
; Infestation spots
; Insect outbreak
; Spatial simulation model
; Windthrow
Scopus关键词: Storms
; Infestation spots
; Insect outbreaks
; Spatial simulation
; Spruce bark beetles
; Windthrows
; Forestry
; Coleoptera
; Hexapoda
; Ips typographus
; Picea
; Scolytinae
英文摘要: The purpose of this study is to increase the basic understanding of outbreak dynamics in order to improve the management of bark beetle outbreaks. The spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is a major disturbance agent of European forests and is the continent's most economically and environmentally damaging bark beetle. Outbreaks of the spruce bark beetle are often triggered by large windfall episodes, and we have utilized a unique opportunity to study a Slovakian outbreak where little salvage logging was performed in some areas after a 2.5 million m3 storm-felling in 2004.Our analyses focused on the first five years after the windfall, and we used a combination of empirical data and simulation models to understand the spatial patterns of beetle-killed forest patches developing during the outbreak. The univoltine beetle population used an increasing proportion of the windfelled trees during the two first seasons after the storm, but from the third season onwards our comparisons of inter-patch distance distributions indicated a transition from beetle production largely in windfall areas to a self-sustaining outbreak with infestation patches developing independently of the windthrows. The size of new infestation patches formed after this transition was modeled as a function of beetle pressure, estimated by the proportion of a circle area surrounding new patches that was covered by infestation patches the previous year. Our model results of patch size distribution did not correspond well with the empirical data if patch formation was modeled as a pure dispersal-diffusion process. However, beetle aggregation on individual trees appears to be important for patch development, since good correspondence with empirical data was found when beetle aggregation was incorporated in the modeled dispersal process. The strength of correspondence between the beetle aggregation model and the empirical data varied with the density of aggregation trees in the modeled landscape, and reached a maximum of 83% for a density of three aggregation trees per infestation patch.Our results suggest that efficient removal of windfelled trees up until the start of the second summer after a major windfall is important to avoid a transition into a patch-driven bark beetle outbreak that is very difficult to manage. Our results also indicate that the outcome of a patch-driven outbreak is difficult to predict, since the development of new infestation patches is not a simple function of beetle pressure but is also affected by beetle behavior and local forest conditions. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/65065
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, Ås, Norway; National Forest Centre, Forest Research Institute, T. G. Masaryka 22, Zvolen, Slovakia
Recommended Citation:
Økland B.,Nikolov C.,Krokene P.,et al. Transition from windfall- to patch-driven outbreak dynamics of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2016-01-01,363