DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.12.003
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84954518965
论文题名: Snag dynamics in northern hardwood forests under different management scenarios
作者: Fassnacht K.S. ; Steele T.W.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2016
卷: 363 起始页码: 267
结束页码: 276
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Created snags
; Snag management
; Snag supplementation
; Stand complexity
; Timber harvest
; Tree girdling
Scopus关键词: Decay (organic)
; Hardwoods
; Harvesting
; Logging (forestry)
; Timber
; Created snags
; Forest management guidelines
; Management scenarios
; Northern hardwood forest
; Snag supplementation
; Structural complexity
; Timber harvests
; Tree girdling
; Forestry
; forest ecosystem
; forest management
; guideline
; harvesting
; logging (timber)
; questionnaire survey
; size
; snag
; timber
; North America
英文摘要: Snag retention is increasingly being incorporated into forest management guidelines. Questions remain, however, in northern hardwood systems regarding factors affecting retention in actively managed stands, the effectiveness of snag creation, and the net effects of snag creation and timber harvesting on snag numbers and sizes. To address some of these questions, we examined the dynamics of natural and created snags within mature, even-aged northern hardwood forests under seven different management scenarios: three Harvest Only treatments, three Harvest Plus (created) Snags treatments, and one untreated Control. We found tree diameter, tree species, and stand treatment status (i.e., managed or Control) to be related to the retention of natural snags, created snags, or both. Snags were less likely to remain standing if they had smaller diameters, were species with relatively rapid decay rates, or were found in stands that had been logged. We found girdling trees to be an effective method of dead wood creation, although trees took longer to die than we expected. At least 84% of girdled trees had died in most stands within 4.5. years of girdling, and 30-77% of girdled trees were still standing 5.5. years after treatment. Comparison of net effects of snag creation and timber harvesting among treatments showed that managed stands, on average, experienced net snag losses compared to untreated Controls. These losses were statistically significant for all snag sizes, but not for large snags alone (i.e., dbh ≥25.4. cm). Active management prescriptions that included snag creation demonstrated the potential to mitigate snag losses, with the extent of mitigation varying with the type of management. Surprisingly, mitigation was primarily driven by significantly greater natural snag recruitment in Plus Snags treatments, potentially due to competition from girdled trees that had not yet died. Our results may help inform the development of snag management guidelines in even-aged, second-growth northern hardwood systems for forest managers who are interested in enhancing the structural complexity of these forests. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/65071
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 101 South Webster Street, P.O. Box 7921, Madison, WI, United States; Kemp Natural Resources Station, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 9161 Kemp Road, Woodruff, WI, United States
Recommended Citation:
Fassnacht K.S.,Steele T.W.. Snag dynamics in northern hardwood forests under different management scenarios[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2016-01-01,363