DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.10.049
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84946866156
论文题名: Historical spatial patterns and contemporary tree mortality in dry mixed-conifer forests
作者: Clyatt K.A. ; Crotteau J.S. ; Schaedel M.S. ; Wiggins H.L. ; Kelley H. ; Churchill D.J. ; Larson A.J.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2016
卷: 361 起始页码: 23
结束页码: 37
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Density-dependent mortality
; Forest restoration
; Fuel reduction
; Ponderosa pine
; Reference conditions
; Tree spatial patterns
Scopus关键词: Climate change
; Conservation
; Restoration
; Density dependent
; Forest restoration
; Fuel reduction
; Ponderosa pines
; Reference condition
; Spatial patterns
; Forestry
; climate change
; coniferous forest
; density dependence
; forest fire
; forest management
; fuel
; historical record
; index method
; mixed forest
; mortality
; reconstruction
; spatial analysis
; spatiotemporal analysis
; standard (reference)
; trend analysis
; Montana
; North America
; North Carolina
; Rocky Mount
; United States
; Abies
; Coniferophyta
; Pseudotsuga
; Pseudotsuga menziesii
英文摘要: Management and restoration of the dry, frequent-fire forests of the North American west depend on sound information about both historical and contemporary conditions to adequately address repercussions of fire suppression and changing climate. The purpose of this study is to quantify historical tree spatial patterns and assess recent mortality trends for old and large tree populations in dry mixed-conifer forests of the Northern Rocky Mountains. We analyzed historical reconstructions of forest spatial structure across six 1.0ha plots located in mixed ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir stands in western Montana, USA. Across plots, 10-23% of trees occurred as widely spaced individuals (no neighbors within 6m), with the remaining 77-90% of trees occurring in clumps (groups of two or more trees spaced less than 6m apart). Mean clump size was 2.2-4.2 trees per clump, although large clumps (>10 trees) were common. Global spatial analysis with the pair correlation function indicated that ponderosa pine patterns were spatially random at all scales, while Douglas-fir trees were spatially aggregated at scales less than 6m. The proportion of plot area farther than 9m from the nearest tree ranged from 1% to 20% across the six study plots. Mortality rates between 1991 and 2012 averaged 0.8%yr-1 for old ponderosa pine and 2.1%yr-1 for old Douglas-fir. We found limited evidence of density-dependent mortality for both species pooled and for ponderosa pine individually. Douglas-fir that died between 1991 and 2012 had higher local Stand Density Index (SDI) of Douglas-fir neighbors than did Douglas-fir that survived (P=0.003), indicating conspecific density-dependent mortality. When compared to ponderosa pine and dry mixed-conifer forests in other regions, trees were distributed much more evenly across clump sizes in our Montana study sites. Our analysis provides an estimate of the historical range of variability for spatial aspects of forest structure in dry mixed-conifer forests of the northern US Rockies and is relevant to the design of restoration and climate change adaptation treatments in such forests. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/65123
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT, United States; School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Box 352100, Seattle, WA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Clyatt K.A.,Crotteau J.S.,Schaedel M.S.,et al. Historical spatial patterns and contemporary tree mortality in dry mixed-conifer forests[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2016-01-01,361