DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.023
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84947704744
论文题名: Historical forest management in Romania is imposing strong legacies on contemporary forests and their management
作者: Munteanu C. ; Nita M.D. ; Abrudan I.V. ; Radeloff V.C.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2016
卷: 361 起始页码: 179
结束页码: 193
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Forest composition shifts
; Forest conservation
; Forest disturbance
; Historical forest statistics
; Historical forestry
; Old-growth forests
Scopus关键词: Biodiversity
; Conservation
; Ecology
; Ecosystems
; Harvesting
; Information management
; International trade
; Privatization
; Remote sensing
; Societies and institutions
; Structure (composition)
; Timber
; Time series
; Environmentally sound management
; Forest compositions
; Forest conservation
; Forest disturbances
; Habitat availability
; International markets
; Management and conservations
; Old-growth forest
; Forestry
; age structure
; biodiversity
; community composition
; conservation planning
; environmental disturbance
; forest health
; forest management
; forestry practice
; harvesting
; historical record
; landownership
; old-growth forest
; Romania
; USSR
; Alnus
; Betula
; Populus
; Tilia
英文摘要: Historical forest management can heavily affect contemporary forest management and conservation. Yet, relatively little is known about century-long changes in forests, and that limits the understanding of how past management and land tenure affect current forestry practice and ecosystem conservation. Our goal here was to examine the relationship between historical forest management (as depicted by historical forest cover, species composition, age structure and harvesting data) and contemporary forest patterns in Romania. Romania represents an ideal case-study to examine the effects of historical forest management, because it experienced multiple shifts in forest management regimes since the 1800s due to Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, Romanian, Soviet and later EU policy influences, and because it is both a conservation hotspot harboring some of the largest old-growth forest in Europe, and an important source of timber for international markets. We reviewed forestry literature and statistics since the 19th century to reconstruct a time-series of forest cover, composition, disturbance patterns, and ownership patterns and interpreted these data in light of institutional changes. We further assessed changes in forest cover, forest harvest, species composition and age structure between two points in time (1920s and 2010s) at the county level, using a combination of historical forest statistics, remote sensing data and modeled forest composition. We complemented our national data with three case studies for which we had stand-level historical and contemporary forest management data. We found that forest area increased in Romania since 1924 by 5% and that the annual rate of forest harvest between 2000 and 2013 was half of the annual rate between 1912 and 1922, which indicates high potential for forest biodiversity conservation. However, the composition, distribution, and age structure of contemporary forests is also substantially different from historical forests. We found an overall increase in coniferous species and several deciduous species (such as Tilia, Populus, Betula, Alnus sp.), a spatial homogenization of species composition, and more even-aged stands. We also observed a drop from 14% to 9% in the relative abundance of old forests (>100 years). Spikes in forest harvest coincided with times of widespread forest privatization, and drastic institutional changes, such as agrarian reforms, or the onset and collapse of the Soviet Regime. Overall, our results suggest that effects of past management, land ownership and institutional changes can persist for centuries, and affect forest ecosystem composition, health and structure, and consequently ecosystem services and habitat availability. Our findings are scientifically important because they provide evidence for legacies of past management and for the effects of forest privatization on harvesting rates. Our findings are also relevant to forest management and conservation practice, because they highlight that environmentally sound management over long time periods is essential for sustainable forestry and old-growth forest protection in Europe and elsewhere. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/65132
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, United States; Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, Sirul Beethoven, No. 1, Brasov, Romania
Recommended Citation:
Munteanu C.,Nita M.D.,Abrudan I.V.,et al. Historical forest management in Romania is imposing strong legacies on contemporary forests and their management[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2016-01-01,361