DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.01.023
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84918785067
论文题名: Understory fern community structure, growth and spore production responses to a large-scale hurricane experiment in a Puerto Rico rainforest
作者: Sharpe J.M. ; Shiels A.B.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2014
卷: 332 起始页码: 75
结束页码: 86
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Canopy litter
; Cyathea borinquena
; Ecological resilience
; Invasive pioneer fern
; Thelypteris deltoidea
; Tropical understory light
Scopus关键词: Debris
; Deposition
; Experiments
; Forestry
; Plants (botany)
; Population statistics
; Social sciences
; Canopy litter
; Cyathea borinquena
; Ecological resilience
; Invasive pioneer fern
; Thelypteris deltoidea
; Understory light
; Hurricane effects
; community structure
; disturbance
; fern
; growth rate
; hurricane
; invasive species
; litter
; mortality
; pioneer species
; plant community
; rainforest
; sporulation
; woody debris
; Forest Canopy
; Forest Litter
; Germination
; Reproduction
; Soil
; Puerto Rico
; Cyathea borinquena
; Elagatis
; Filicophyta
; Nephrolepis
; Polypodiaceae
; Thelypteris deltoidea
英文摘要: Ferns are abundant in most rainforest understories yet their responses to hurricanes have not been well-studied. Fern community structure, growth and spore production were monitored for two years before and five years after a large-scale experiment that simulated two key components of severe hurricane disturbance: canopy openness and debris deposition. The canopy was opened by cutting branches above 3m and the fallen leaf and woody debris was either added to or removed from the forest floor resulting in four treatments that were replicated three times in a factorial design. Of the 16 fern species observed during the experiment 12 were present before treatments were applied. All but two of the 16 species had densities <250ha-1; Thelypteris deltoidea (2258ha-1) and Cyathea borinquena (1521ha-1) were by far the most common ferns. Under simulated hurricane conditions (open canopy and debris deposition) abundance levels for both T. deltoidea and C. borinquena were highly resilient and returned to pre-disturbance conditions within three years; therefore the resident (non-pioneer) fern species continued to dominate after disturbance. However, several other variables had increasing or decreasing responses that had not returned to pre-treatment levels by the fifth and final year of the experiment. Four pioneer species appeared in low abundance almost immediately after the canopy was opened, including three native species that spread via spore germination and the invasive Nephrolepis brownii that spread by runners. Debris deposition resulted in high mortality for 7 of 12 fern species, with C. borinquena among the species little affected and increases in recruitment following mortality of T. deltoidea under open canopy. Individuals of both T. deltoidea and C. borinquena responded to higher light levels with growth spurts reflected in up to two- to three-fold increases in leaf production and emergence of longer leaves. Spore production rates for both T. deltoidea and C. borinquena had been low in the undisturbed pre-treatment forest, but more than doubled in the years that followed canopy opening. Hurricane impacts to this tropical forest alter the fern community by (1) debris deposition burying individuals and initially reducing some population sizes, and (2) canopy openness overwhelming the negative effects of debris deposition and stimulating growth and reproduction that can last ≥5years. Changes resulting from hurricane disturbance that affect the fern-dominated herbaceous layer may ultimately influence structure and function of the long-term understory plant community and consequently the habitat of litter- and soil-dwelling organisms. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/65725
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Sharplex Services, PO Box 499, Edgecomb, ME, United States; Institute for Tropical Ecosystems Studies, University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, PO Box 70377, San Juan, PR, United States; USDA, National Wildlife Research Center, Hawaii Field Station, PO Box 10880, Hilo, HI, United States
Recommended Citation:
Sharpe J.M.,Shiels A.B.. Understory fern community structure, growth and spore production responses to a large-scale hurricane experiment in a Puerto Rico rainforest[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2014-01-01,332