DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.05.046
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84904260313
论文题名: Spatial variability of general stand characteristics in central European beech-dominated natural stands - Effects of scale
作者: Král K. ; Valtera M. ; Janík D. ; Šamonil P. ; Vrška T.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2014
卷: 328 起始页码: 353
结束页码: 364
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Fagus sylvatica
; Fluctuation
; Nugget
; Patch size
; Range
; Semivariance
Scopus关键词: Autocorrelation
; Fagus sylvatica
; Fluctuation
; Nugget
; Patch size
; Range
; Semivariances
; Forestry
; autocorrelation
; coniferous tree
; deciduous tree
; dominance
; forest management
; natural resource
; numerical model
; patch size
; spatial variation
; stand structure
; volume
; Abies Alba
; Fagus Sylvatica
; Forests
; Picea Abies
; Central Europe
英文摘要: Unlike many studies on the stand structure of European beech-dominated natural forests we explicitly examined the spatial variability of six general stand characteristics: density, basal area and volume of living trees, volume of deadwood, total volume and the proportion of deadwood in the total volume. We asked whether and how these stand characteristics are spatially organized and autocorrelated, and how their spatial autocorrelation varies among particular characteristics, study sites and observation scales.The study was conducted at three forest stands dominated by Fagus sylvatica L. and co-dominated by Picea abies (L.) Karsten and Abies alba Mill., which represent the few sizable remnants of beech-dominated natural forests in central Europe. Vector stem position maps of the three sites were examined by the computer-simulated placement of differently sized square sample plots (10. ×. 10; 20. ×. 20; 30. ×. 30; 50. ×. 50 and 70. ×. 70. m). The six general stand characteristics were calculated for every simulated sample plot. Experimental semivariograms were calculated for all sampling plot (grain) sizes, model semivariograms were only fitted for 20. ×. 20. m plots.The spatial variability of stand characteristics significantly changes with the scale of observation. At the finest grain the spatial autocorrelation is mostly quite low and usually very nearly approximate the nugget model. However, autocorrelation increases with increasing sampling plot size. A peak in the first lag of the semivariograms was observed only at the finest grains, documenting the competition of large trees, whereas a recurring pattern of patches with similar stand characteristics was identified at larger observation scales. Nested structures formed by the high nugget and relatively less distinct but still apparent sill/range and fluctuation signal were detected in most of the model semivariograms, indicating different sources of variability operating at multiple scales. Moreover, significant differences among particular stand variables were demonstrated. The relative nugget varied from 61% (stand density) to 96% (stand volume) at the 20×20. m sampling plots; the autocorrelation ranges varied from more than 320. m to 64. m, respectively.The irregular periodic patchiness found (usually 400-1100m2 in size) may serve as a model for close-to-nature forestry, which emulates the spatial structures of natural forests. The level of positive spatial autocorrelation acknowledged for stand density should be reflected in an effective sampling design. For better estimates of the variance in this variable, sampling in a regular grid or stratified sampling is suggested. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/65870
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Department of Forest Ecology, The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Lidická 25/27, CZ-602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
Recommended Citation:
Král K.,Valtera M.,Janík D.,et al. Spatial variability of general stand characteristics in central European beech-dominated natural stands - Effects of scale[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2014-01-01,328