DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.02.025
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84888127850
论文题名: Stand structure and small mammals in intensively managed forests: Scale, time, and testing extremes
作者: Sullivan T.P. ; Sullivan D.S. ; Lindgren P.M.F. ; Ransome D.B.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2013
卷: 310 起始页码: 1071
结束页码: 1087
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Biodiversity
; Fertilization
; Forest management
; Long-term monitoring
; Mammals
; Scale
Scopus关键词: Biodiversity conservation
; British Columbia , Canada
; Fertilization
; Forest-floor small mammals
; Intensively managed forests
; Long term monitoring
; Northern flying squirrels
; Scale
; Biodiversity
; Conservation
; Crops
; Ecosystems
; Floors
; Mammals
; Forestry
; abundance
; adaptive management
; biodiversity
; biomass
; coniferous tree
; forest floor
; forest management
; habitat conservation
; habitat type
; installation
; monitoring
; old-growth forest
; small mammal
; species diversity
; stand structure
; thinning
; wild population
; British Columbia
; Canada
; Clethrionomys gapperi
; Coniferophyta
; Fungi
; Glaucomys sabrinus
; Mammalia
; Muridae
; Pinus contorta
; Sciuridae
; Tracheophyta
英文摘要: Stand thinning and fertilization have the potential to create a diversity of forest habitat conditions to meet the goals of biodiversity conservation while sustaining wood and biomass production. Three factors are crucial to a better scientific understanding of how wildlife habitats develop in managed forests: real-world scale of treatments using adaptive management, several decades of time to monitor responses, and the testing of extreme treatments. Communities of arboreal and forest-floor small mammals occupy young coniferous stands and may serve as indicators of change in forest structure and function, and hence biodiversity. We tested the hypotheses (H) that, when compared with unmanaged (unthinned and old-growth) stands, large-scale pre-commercial thinning (PCT) and PCT with repeated fertilization, up to 16-21years after the onset of treatments, would enhance (H1) stand structure, (H2) abundance of southern red-backed voles (Myodes gapperi) and species diversity of forest-floor small mammals, and (H3) abundance of northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus), in young lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stands in the south-central interior of British Columbia, Canada. Mean diameters and heights of crop trees in thinned stands were less than those in old-growth stands, but the low-density stands did have greater mean diameters than those in unthinned stands. Mean crown volume of pine crop trees was significantly greater in the low- and medium-density stands than in the high-density, unthinned, or old-growth stands. Mean density of overstory (range of 1010-1590 stems/ha) and understory conifers were similar in the thinned and old-growth stands. Mean species and structural diversity of total conifers were significantly higher in the heavily thinned (≤1000stems/ha) than other stands. For vascular plants, mean abundance of understory herbs and total structural diversity were higher in heavily thinned and fertilized stands. Thus, some aspects of stand structure supported H1 while others did not. Mean abundance of M. gapperi was higher in old-growth forest than the younger managed and unthinned stands, except in years of low numbers, and hence did not support H2 that these treatments over a longer time-frame would enhance abundance of this species. Fluctuations in numbers, drier forest ecosystems, and slow development of forest-floor habitat with decaying woody debris and fungi may contribute to flexible habitat occupancy for M. gapperi. The second part of H2, that mean species diversity of forest-floor small mammals would be enhanced in heavily thinned and fertilized stands tended to be supported, particularly in the period prior to canopy closure. H3, that abundance of G. sabrinus would be maintained at levels recorded in old-growth forests by PCT of young stands, was supported for medium- and high-density stands. A sustained flow of wood products and structural features with their habitats for wildlife and biodiversity should be achievable with a wide range of stand densities from PCT and variable regimes of nutrient additions in intensively managed forests. Essential key elements include large-scale (operational-size) treatment units and long-term monitoring of installations over decades, preferably at 5- to 10-year intervals. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/66322
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Applied Mammal Research Institute, 11010 Mitchell Avenue, Summerland, BC V0H 1Z8, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Sullivan T.P.,Sullivan D.S.,Lindgren P.M.F.,et al. Stand structure and small mammals in intensively managed forests: Scale, time, and testing extremes[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2013-01-01,310