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DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2013.09.013
论文题名:
Tinbergen's four questions: An appreciation and an update
作者: Bateson P.; Laland K.N.
刊名: Trends in Ecology and Evolution
ISSN: 1695347
出版年: 2013
卷: 28, 期:12
起始页码: 712
结束页码: 718
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: animal community ; behavioral ecology ; data acquisition ; animal ; animal behavior ; evolution ; growth, development and aging ; public figure ; review ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Biological Evolution ; Famous Persons ; Growth and Development
英文摘要: This year is the 50th anniversary of Tinbergen's (1963) article 'On aims and methods of ethology', where he first outlined the four 'major problems of biology'. The classification of the four problems, or questions, is one of Tinbergen's most enduring legacies, and it remains as valuable today as 50 years ago in highlighting the value of a comprehensive, multifaceted understanding of a characteristic, with answers to each question providing complementary insights. Nonetheless, much has changed in the intervening years, and new data call for a more nuanced application of Tinbergen's framework. The anniversary would seem a suitable opportunity to reflect on the four questions and evaluate the scientific work that they encourage. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/67347
Appears in Collections:全球变化的国际研究计划
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作者单位: Subdepartment of Animal Behaviour, University of Cambridge, Madingley, Cambridge, CB23 8AA, United Kingdom; School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TS, United Kingdom

Recommended Citation:
Bateson P.,Laland K.N.. Tinbergen's four questions: An appreciation and an update[J]. Trends in Ecology and Evolution,2013-01-01,28(12)
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