globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.04.042
论文题名:
Stable isotopic composition of fossil mammal teeth and environmental change in southwestern South Africa during the Pliocene and Pleistocene
作者: Lehmann S.B.; Braun D.R.; Dennis K.J.; Patterson D.B.; Stynder D.D.; Bishop L.C.; Forrest F.; Levin N.E.
刊名: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
ISSN: 0031-0182
出版年: 2016
卷: 457
起始页码: 396
结束页码: 408
语种: 英语
英文关键词: C4 vegetation ; Pliocene-Pleistocene climate ; South Africa ; Stable isotopes ; Tooth enamel
英文摘要: The past 5 million years mark a global change from the warmer, more stable climate of the Pliocene to the initiation of glacial–interglacial cycles during the Pleistocene. Marine core sediment records located off the coast of southwestern Africa indicate aridification and intensified upwelling in the Benguela Current over the Pliocene and Pleistocene. However, few terrestrial records document environmental change in southwestern Africa over this time interval. Here we synthesize new and published carbon and oxygen isotope data of the teeth from large mammals (> 6 kg) at Langebaanweg (~5million years ago, Ma), Elandsfontein (1.0–0.6 Ma), and Hoedjiespunt (0.35–0.20 Ma), to evaluate environmental change in southwestern Africa between the Pliocene and Pleistocene. The majority of browsing and grazing herbivores from these sites yield enamel δ13C values within the range expected for animals with a pure C3 diet, however some taxa have enamel δ13C values that suggest the presence of small amounts C4 grasses at times during the Pleistocene. Considering that significant amounts of C4 grasses require a warm growing season, these results indicate that the winter rainfall zone, characteristic of the region today, could have been in place for the past 5 million years. The average δ18O value of the herbivore teeth increases ~4.4‰ between Langebaanweg and Elandsfontein for all taxa except suids. This increase may solely be a function of a change in hydrology between the fluvial system at Langebaanweg and the spring-fed environments at Elandsfontein, or a combination of factors that include depositional context, regional circulation and global climate. However, an increase in regional aridity or global cooling between the early Pliocene and mid-Pleistocene cannot explain the entire increase in enamel δ18O values. Spring-fed environments like those at Elandsfontein may have provided critical resources for mammalian fauna in the mid-Pleistocene within an increasingly arid southwestern Africa ecosystem. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/68367
Appears in Collections:过去全球变化的重建

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作者单位: Johns Hopkins University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Olin Hall, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, United States; Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, George Washington University, 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC, United States; University of Cape Town, Department of Archaeology, Rondebosch, South Africa; Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, Germany; Princeton University, Department of Geosciences, Guyot Hall, Princeton, NJ, United States; Hominid Paleobiology Doctoral Program, Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC, United States; Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Anthropology, City University of New York and NYCEP, Flushing, NY, United States

Recommended Citation:
Lehmann S.B.,Braun D.R.,Dennis K.J.,et al. Stable isotopic composition of fossil mammal teeth and environmental change in southwestern South Africa during the Pliocene and Pleistocene[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2016-01-01,457
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