DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.12.007
论文题名: Constraining silica diagenesis in methane-seep deposits
作者: Smrzka D. ; Kraemer S.M. ; Zwicker J. ; Birgel D. ; Fischer D. ; Kasten S. ; Goedert J.L. ; Peckmann J.
刊名: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
ISSN: 0031-0182
出版年: 2015
卷: 420 起始页码: 13
结束页码: 26
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Anaerobic oxidation of methane
; Authigenic quartz
; Geochemical modeling
; Methane seeps
; Silicification
英文摘要: Silicified fossils and authigenic silica are common in ancient seep limestones. Silicification of calcareous fossils facilitates the preservation of even fine details and is therefore of great interest to paleontologists, permitting a reliable taxonomic identification of the chemosynthesis-based taxa that lived at hydrocarbon seeps. Four methane-seep limestones of Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic age with abundant silica phases are compared in this study; one, an Eocene seep deposit on the north shore of the Columbia River at Knappton, western Washington State, USA, is described for the first time. Its lithology and fabrics, negative δ13Ccarbonate values as low as -27.6‰, and 13C-depleted biomarkers of archaea involved in the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) reveal that the carbonate rock formed at a methane seep. The background sediments of the studied Phanerozoic seep limestones contain abundant siliceous microfossils, radiolarian tests in case of the Carboniferous Dwyka Group deposits from Namibia and the Triassic Graylock Butte deposits from Oregon (USA), as well as diatom frustules in case of the Eocene Knappton limestone and an Oligocene seep deposit from the Lincoln Creek Formation (Washington State, USA). These microfossils are regarded as the source of dissolved silica, causing silicification and silica precipitation. Silica cements formed after AOM-derived cements ceased to precipitate but before equant calcite formed. Numerical experiments using the computer code PHREEQC confirmed that (1) AOM increases the pH of pore waters and that (2) this pH increase subsequently mobilizes biogenic silica, (3) followed by the re-precipitation of the dissolved silica in the periphery of the AOM hotspot. The experiments revealed that degassing of carbon dioxide has the potential to significantly increase the local pH of pore waters, exerting an even stronger control on the local pH and silica dissolution than the rate of AOM alone. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/69043
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: Department für Geodynamik und Sedimentologie, Erdwissenschaftliches Zentrum, Universität Wien, Wien, Austria; Department für Umweltgeowissenschaften, Erdwissenschaftliches Zentrum, Universität Wien, Wien, Austria; Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany; MARUM - Zentrum für Marine Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Bremen, Bremen, Germany; Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Smrzka D.,Kraemer S.M.,Zwicker J.,et al. Constraining silica diagenesis in methane-seep deposits[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2015-01-01,420