DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.02.020
论文题名: Paleoclimate estimates and fire ecology immediately prior to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction in the Frenchman Formation (66Ma), Saskatchewan, Canada
作者: Bamforth E.L. ; Button C.L. ; Larsson H.C.E.
刊名: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
ISSN: 0031-0182
出版年: 2014
卷: 401 起始页码: 96
结束页码: 110
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program
; Fire ecology
; Late Cretaceous
; Paleoclimate
; Plant fossils
英文摘要: The fossil-rich deposits of the uppermost Maastrichtian (66. Ma) Frenchman Formation of southern Saskatchewan, Canada provide a detailed, continuous record of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics during the last half-million years leading up to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Paleoenvironmental interpretations for the Frenchman Formation are here refined by the first absolute paleoclimate estimates for the Late Cretaceous of Saskatchewan, and by the placement of these climate estimates within a North American context. Climate estimates were calculated using Leaf Margin Analysis and the Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP), derived from two independent plant macrofossil assemblages collected from the Frenchman Formation. Climate parameter estimates indicate that the Maastrichtian climate of southern Saskatchewan was subtropical to warm-temperate, with mean annual temperatures between 12. °C and 14. °C, and with marked seasonality. These results are comparable with estimates derived from other late Campanian and Maastrichtian paleofloras in the Western Interior Basin, although small variations among coeval localities were noted or determined. Overall, the plant fossil assemblages from the two study localities support the paleoenvironmental interpretation of the Frenchman Formation as a swampy to lowland forest system with canopy-forming deciduous conifers and a diverse, angiosperm-dominated mid-canopy and understory. An unexpected, marked disparity in plant diversity was found between the two paleofloras, despite the plant assemblages returning similar paleoclimate parameter estimates. Abundant in situ inertinite (fossil charcoal) deposits were found in association with the less diverse paleofloral site, which contained only angiosperm fossils. Inertinite was absent from the deposits containing the more diverse paleoflora, which contained a different composition of angiosperm and gymnosperm fossils. Fire is known to be a prevalent feature of Late Cretaceous deposits worldwide, and modern angiosperm plants typically are the first to recover following fire disturbances. We suggest that the two Frenchman Formation paleofloras represent different stages of secondary ecological succession following a disturbance by fire. The identification of fire ecology in the fossil record may have important implications for understanding biodiversity patterns on small spatial and temporal scales immediately prior to the Cretaceous mass extinction. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/69373
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street W. Montreal, QC H3A 0C4, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Bamforth E.L.,Button C.L.,Larsson H.C.E.. Paleoclimate estimates and fire ecology immediately prior to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction in the Frenchman Formation (66Ma), Saskatchewan, Canada[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2014-01-01,401