globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.06.033
论文题名:
Microfossils from coastal environments as indicators of paleo-earthquakes, tsunamis and storms
作者: Pilarczyk J.E.; Dura T.; Horton B.P.; Engelhart S.E.; Kemp A.C.; Sawai Y.
刊名: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
ISSN: 0031-0182
出版年: 2014
卷: 413
起始页码: 144
结束页码: 157
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Diatoms ; Foraminifera ; Land-level change ; Overwash ; Pollen ; Transfer functions
英文摘要: Coastal risk assessment and hazard mitigation require datasets on centennial and millennial temporal scales to capture natural variability and multiple occurrences of the largest, but least frequent, events. Coastal sediments from low-energy depositional environments archive geologic evidence of paleo-earthquakes, tsunamis, and storms. Many of the best reconstructions of these events are derived from changes in microfossil (diatoms, foraminifera, and pollen) assemblages. In this review we explain how microfossils are used to reconstruct records of paleoearthquakes by quantifying the amount of coseismic and interseismic vertical land movements along tectonically active coastlines. Examples from the United States (Alaska and the Pacific Northwest), Japan, and Chile show that microfossil-based transfer functions may provide continuous records of vertical land movement during earthquake deformation cycles. We discuss how microfossil habitat preferences and taphonomic character are used to constrain sediment provenance (e.g., beach, nearshore, or offshore sources) and identify overwash deposits, and how this information can be used to reconstruct the recurrence of tsunamis and storms. Analysis of overwash deposits from Thailand and Malaysia indicates the ability of microfossils to resolve individual waves within tsunami sediments, and an example from the Sendai coastal plain in Japan uses foraminifera to ascribe a beach to nearshore provenance for the 2011 Tohoku tsunami deposit. Finally, we present recent examples from the Gulf of Mexico on the use of foraminifera to estimate the volume and distance of transport of storm overwash from hurricanes. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/69510
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作者单位: Sea Level Research, Institute of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Geosciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States; Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States; Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 7, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Recommended Citation:
Pilarczyk J.E.,Dura T.,Horton B.P.,et al. Microfossils from coastal environments as indicators of paleo-earthquakes, tsunamis and storms[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2014-01-01,413
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