globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.06.024
论文题名:
Quantification of climate change for the last 20,000years from Wonderkrater, South Africa: Implications for the long-term dynamics of the Intertropical Convergence Zone
作者: Truc L.; Chevalier M.; Favier C.; Cheddadi R.; Meadows M.E.; Scott L.; Carr A.S.; Smith G.F.; Chase B.M.
刊名: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
ISSN: 0031-0182
出版年: 2013
卷: 386
起始页码: 575
结束页码: 587
语种: 英语
英文关键词: African Humid Period ; Intertropical Convergence Zone ; Pollen analysis ; Probability density function ; Quantitative climate reconstruction ; Quaternary ; Southern Africa ; Transfer function
英文摘要: In southeast Africa - a region for which few palaeoenvironmental records are available - the fossil pollen record from the Wonderkrater spring mound has contributed substantially to our understanding of past vegetation change since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21. ka). Multivariate analysis of the pollen data by Scott and Thackeray (1987) provided environmental reconstructions suggesting relatively mesic LGM conditions, with warm and dry conditions during the early Holocene (11-6. cal. kBP). This conforms to predicted patterns of precipitation change in the southern African tropics in response to Northern Hemisphere cooling and orbital forcing. Subsequent data from the Cold Air Cave speleothems and a sea-surface temperature record from the Mozambique Channel, however, indicate that conditions during the early to mid-Holocene may have been wetter than present in the Wonderkrater region. To explore this question further, we have created a series of botanical-climatological transfer functions based on a combination of modern climate and plant distribution data from southern Africa. Applying these to the Wonderkrater fossil pollen sequence, we have derived quantitative estimates for temperatures during the cold and warm quarters, as well as precipitation during the wet and dry quarters. In addition, a species-selection method based on Bayesian statistics is outlined, which provided a parsimonious choice of likely plant species from what are otherwise taxonomically broad pollen-types.We do not propose that our findings invalidate the previous principal component analyses, but they do have the advantage of being based more clearly on the relationship between modern plant distributions and individual climatic variables. Results indicate that temperatures during both the warm and cold seasons were 6. ±. 2. °C colder during the LGM and Younger Dryas, and that rainy season precipitation during the Last Glacial Maximum was ~. 50% of that during the mid-Holocene. Our results also imply that changes in precipitation at Wonderkrater generally track changes in Mozambique Channel sea-surface temperatures, with a steady increase following the Younger Dryas to a period of maximum water availability at Wonderkrater ~. 3-7. ka. These findings argue against a dominant role of a shifting Intertropical Convergence Zone in determining long-term environmental trends, and indicate that the northern and southern tropics experienced similar climatic trends during the last 20. kyr. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/69683
Appears in Collections:过去全球变化的重建

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作者单位: Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique/Université, Montpellier 2 Bat.22, CC061, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, cedex5, France; Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Department of Geography, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom; Biosystematics Research and Biodiversity Collections, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; Schweickerdt Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Centre for Functional Ecology, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, 3001-455 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Archaeology, History, Culture and Religion, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway

Recommended Citation:
Truc L.,Chevalier M.,Favier C.,et al. Quantification of climate change for the last 20,000years from Wonderkrater, South Africa: Implications for the long-term dynamics of the Intertropical Convergence Zone[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2013-01-01,386
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