DOI: 10.1002/2014GL061507
论文题名: Modes of extensional faulting controlled by surface processes
作者: Olive J.-A. ; Behn M.D. ; Malatesta L.C.
刊名: Geophysical Research Letters
ISSN: 0094-9734
EISSN: 1944-9465
出版年: 2014
卷: 41, 期: 19 起始页码: 6725
结束页码: 6733
语种: 英语
英文关键词: continental rift
; erosion
; extensional tectonics
; normal faults
; surface processes
Scopus关键词: Erosion
; Geologic models
; Tectonics
; Continental rift
; Depositional process
; Extensional faulting
; Extensional tectonics
; Geodynamical modeling
; Landscape evolutions
; Normal faults
; Surface process
; Faulting
; brittle medium
; deformation
; erosion rate
; fault displacement
; faulting
; geodynamics
; landscape evolution
; simulation
英文摘要: We investigate the feedbacks between surface processes and tectonics in an extensional setting by coupling a 2-D geodynamical model with a landscape evolution law. Focusing on the evolution of a single normal fault, we show that surface processes significantly enhance the amount of horizontal extension a fault can accommodate before being abandoned in favor of a new fault. In simulations with very slow erosion rates, a 15 km thick brittle layer extends via a succession of crosscutting short-lived faults (heave < 5 km). By contrast, when erosion rates are comparable to the regional extension velocity, deformation is accommodated on long-lived faults (heave >10 km). Using simple scaling arguments, we quantify the effect of surface mass removal on the force balance acting on a growing normal fault. This leads us to propose that the major range-bounding normal faults observed in many continental rifts owe their large offsets to erosional and depositional processes. Key Points Numerical modeling of normal fault evolution coupled with surface processesSurface processes sustain normal fault growth by relieving gravitational forcingSurface processes enable a wide range of fault life spans in thick faulted layer ©2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. URL: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84911367917&doi=10.1002%2f2014GL061507&partnerID=40&md5=64909cb81d9d59ce7e8e5c06c5778ad9
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/6998
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography, Cambridge, MA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Olive J.-A.,Behn M.D.,Malatesta L.C.. Modes of extensional faulting controlled by surface processes[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2014-01-01,41(19).