| DOI: | 10.1002/2014GL060096
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| 论文题名: | Explosion depths for phreatomagmatic eruptions |
| 作者: | Valentine G.A.; Graettinger A.H.; Sonder I.
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| 刊名: | Geophysical Research Letters
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| ISSN: | 0094-10106
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| EISSN: | 1944-9837
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| 出版年: | 2014
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| 卷: | 41, 期:9 | | 起始页码: | 3045
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| 结束页码: | 3051
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 英文关键词: | diatreme
; explosive eruption
; maar
; phreatomagmatic
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| Scopus关键词: | Explosives
; Groundwater
; Volcanoes
; Diatreme
; Energy intrusion
; Explosive eruption
; maar
; Phreatomagmatic
; Phreatomagmatic eruption
; Vertical mixing
; Very high energies
; Explosions
; diatreme
; explosive volcanism
; maar
; magma
; phreatomagmatism
; subsurface flow
; tephra
; vertical mixing
; volcanic eruption
|
| 英文摘要: | Subsurface phreatomagmatic explosions can result from the interaction of ascending magma with groundwater. Experiments over a wide range of energies show that for a given energy there is a depth below which an explosion will be contained within the subsurface (not erupt), and there is a corresponding shallower depth that will optimize ejecta dispersal. We combine these relationships with constraints on the energies of phreatomagmatic explosions at maar-diatreme volcanoes and show that most eruptions are likely sourced by explosions in the uppermost ~200m, and even shallower ones (<100m) are likely to dominate deposition onto tephra rings. Most explosions below ~200m will not erupt but contribute to formation of, and to the vertical mixing of materials within, a diatreme (vent structure), with only rare very high energy explosions between ~200 and 500m erupting. Similar constraints likely apply at other volcanoes that experience phreatomagmatic explosions. Key Points Subsurface explosive tests constrain depth of containment for given energy Intrusion sizes, ballistics, and rock fracture constrain phreatomagmatic energies Most eruptions sourced by <200 m deep explosions © 2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. |
| URL: | https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84900369501&doi=10.1002%2f2014GL060096&partnerID=40&md5=a1556c2192d6cbb8112840af25bf4077
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| Citation statistics: |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/7370
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| Appears in Collections: | 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: | Department of Geology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Valentine G.A.,Graettinger A.H.,Sonder I.. Explosion depths for phreatomagmatic eruptions[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2014-01-01,41(9).
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