DOI: 10.5194/tc-8-417-2014
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84904745226
论文题名: Implementation and evaluation of prognostic representations of the optical diameter of snow in the SURFEX/ISBA-Crocus detailed snowpack model
作者: Carmagnola C ; M ; , Morin S ; , Lafaysse M ; , Domine F ; , Lesaffre B ; , Lejeune Y ; , Picard G ; , Arnaud L
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2014
卷: 8, 期: 2 起始页码: 417
结束页码: 437
语种: 英语
英文关键词: albedo
; microstructure
; porous medium
; seasonal variation
; simulation
; snowpack
; surface area
; Crocus
英文摘要: In the SURFEX/ISBA-Crocus multi-layer snowpack model, the snow microstructure has up to now been characterised by the grain size and by semi-empirical shape variables which cannot be measured easily in the field or linked to other relevant snow properties. In this work we introduce a new formulation of snow metamorphism directly based on equations describing the rate of change of the optical diameter (d opt). This variable is considered here to be equal to the equivalent sphere optical diameter, which is inversely proportional to the specific surface area (SSA). d opt thus represents quantitatively some of the geometric characteristics of a porous medium. Different prognostic rate equations of d opt, including a re-formulation of the original Crocus scheme and the parameterisations from Taillandier et al. (2007) and Flanner and Zender (2006), were evaluated by comparing their predictions to field measurements carried out at Summit Camp (Greenland) in May and June 2011 and at Col de Porte (French Alps) during the 2009/10 and 2011/12 winter seasons. We focused especially on results in terms of SSA. In addition, we tested the impact of the different formulations on the simulated density profile, the total snow height, the snow water equivalent (SWE) and the surface albedo. Results indicate that all formulations perform well, with median values of the RMSD between measured and simulated SSA lower than 10 m2 kgg'1. Incorporating the optical diameter as a fully fledged prognostic variable is an important step forward in the quantitative description of the snow microstructure within snowpack models, because it opens the way to data assimilation of various electromagnetic observations. © Author(s) 2014. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/74878
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Météo France Andndash; CNRS, GAME UMR3589, Centre d'Études de la Neige, Grenoble, France; Takuvik Joint International Laboratory, CNRS, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; CNRS, UJF Grenoble, LGGE, Grenoble, France
Recommended Citation:
Carmagnola C,M,, Morin S,et al. Implementation and evaluation of prognostic representations of the optical diameter of snow in the SURFEX/ISBA-Crocus detailed snowpack model[J]. Cryosphere,2014-01-01,8(2)