globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.5194/tc-10-2673-2016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84995790165
论文题名:
Presence of rapidly degrading permafrost plateaus in south-central Alaska
作者: Jones B; M; , Baughman C; A; , Romanovsky V; E; , Parsekian A; D; , Babcock E; L; , Stephani E; , Jones M; C; , Grosse G; , Berg E; E
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2016
卷: 10, 期:6
起始页码: 2673
结束页码: 2692
语种: 英语
英文关键词: aerial photography ; air temperature ; environmental degradation ; field survey ; frozen ground ; groundwater flow ; heat transfer ; permafrost ; plateau ; seasonality ; talik ; vulnerability ; warming ; Alaska ; Kenai Peninsula ; United States
英文摘要: Permafrost presence is determined by a complex interaction of climatic, topographic, and ecological conditions operating over long time scales. In particular, vegetation and organic layer characteristics may act to protect permafrost in regions with a mean annual air temperature (MAAT) above 0°C. In this study, we document the presence of residual permafrost plateaus in the western Kenai Peninsula lowlands of south-central Alaska, a region with a MAAT of 1.5±1°C (1981-2010). Continuous ground temperature measurements between 16 September 2012 and 15 September 2015, using calibrated thermistor strings, documented the presence of warm permafrost (-0.04 to-0.08°C). Field measurements (probing) on several plateau features during the fall of 2015 showed that the depth to the permafrost table averaged 1.48m but at some locations was as shallow as 0.53m. Late winter surveys (augering, coring, and GPR) in 2016 showed that the average seasonally frozen ground thickness was 0.45m, overlying a talik above the permafrost table. Measured permafrost thickness ranged from 0.33 to > 6.90m. Manual interpretation of historic aerial photography acquired in 1950 indicates that residual permafrost plateaus covered 920ha as mapped across portions of four wetland complexes encompassing 4810ha. However, between 1950 and ca. 2010, permafrost plateau extent decreased by 60.0%, with lateral feature degradation accounting for 85.0% of the reduction in area. Permafrost loss on the Kenai Peninsula is likely associated with a warming climate, wildfires that remove the protective forest and organic layer cover, groundwater flow at depth, and lateral heat transfer from wetland surface waters in the summer. Better understanding the resilience and vulnerability of ecosystem-protected permafrost is critical for mapping and predicting future permafrost extent and degradation across all permafrost regions that are currently warming. Further work should focus on reconstructing permafrost history in south-central Alaska as well as additional contemporary observations of these ecosystem-protected permafrost sites south of the regions with relatively stable permafrost. © 2016 The Author(s).
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/75044
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性
气候变化与战略

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作者单位: Alaska Science Center, US Geological Survey, Anchorage, AK, United States; Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States; Earth Cryosphere Institute, 86 Malygina Street, Tyumen, Russian Federation; Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States; Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center, US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, United States; Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany; Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Soldotna, AK, United States

Recommended Citation:
Jones B,M,, Baughman C,et al. Presence of rapidly degrading permafrost plateaus in south-central Alaska[J]. Cryosphere,2016-01-01,10(6)
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