DOI: 10.5194/tc-10-1947-2016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84986296786
论文题名: A model for the spatial distribution of snow water equivalent parameterized from the spatial variability of precipitation
作者: Skaugen T ; , Weltzien I ; H
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2016
卷: 10, 期: 5 起始页码: 1947
结束页码: 1963
语种: 英语
英文关键词: calibration
; efficiency measurement
; flood forecasting
; hydrological modeling
; model validation
; parameterization
; precipitation (climatology)
; rainfall-runoff modeling
; seasonal variation
; snow water equivalent
; spatial distribution
; spatial variation
; Norway
英文摘要: Snow is an important and complicated element in hydrological modelling. The traditional catchment hydrological model with its many free calibration parameters, also in snow sub-models, is not a well-suited tool for predicting conditions for which it has not been calibrated. Such conditions include prediction in ungauged basins and assessing hydrological effects of climate change. In this study, a new model for the spatial distribution of snow water equivalent (SWE), parameterized solely from observed spatial variability of precipitation, is compared with the current snow distribution model used in the operational flood forecasting models in Norway. The former model uses a dynamic gamma distribution and is called Snow Distribution-Gamma, (SD-G), whereas the latter model has a fixed, calibrated coefficient of variation, which parameterizes a log-normal model for snow distribution and is called Snow Distribution-Log-Normal (SD-LN). The two models are implemented in the parameter parsimonious rainfall-runoff model Distance Distribution Dynamics (DDD), and their capability for predicting runoff, SWE and snow-covered area (SCA) is tested and compared for 71 Norwegian catchments. The calibration period is 1985–2000 and validation period is 2000–2014. Results show that SD-G better simulates SCA when compared with MODIS satellite-derived snow cover. In addition, SWE is simulated more realistically in that seasonal snow is melted out and the building up of "snow towers" and giving spurious positive trends in SWE, typical for SD-LN, is prevented. The precision of runoff simulations using SD-G is slightly inferior, with a reduction in Nash-Sutcliffe and Kling-Gupta efficiency criterion of 0.01, but it is shown that the high precision in runoff prediction using SD-LN is accompanied with erroneous simulations of SWE. © Author(s) 2016. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/75088
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化与战略
There are no files associated with this item.
作者单位: Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, P.O. Box 5091, Oslo, Norway; Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norconsult AS, P.O. Box 626, Sandvika, Norway
Recommended Citation:
Skaugen T,, Weltzien I,H. A model for the spatial distribution of snow water equivalent parameterized from the spatial variability of precipitation[J]. Cryosphere,2016-01-01,10(5)