DOI: 10.5194/tc-10-1771-2016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84983449810
论文题名: Anisotropy of seasonal snow measured by polarimetric phase differences in radar time series
作者: Leinss S ; , Löwe H ; , Proksch M ; , Lemmetyinen J ; , Wiesmann A ; , Hajnsek I
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2016
卷: 10, 期: 4 起始页码: 1771
结束页码: 1797
语种: 英语
英文关键词: anisotropy
; birefringence
; in situ measurement
; microstructure
; radar interferometry
; snow
; snowpack
; spatial distribution
; temporal evolution
; TerraSAR-X
; time series analysis
; tomography
; Finland
英文摘要: The snow microstructure, i.e., the spatial distribution of ice and pores, generally shows an anisotropy which is driven by gravity and temperature gradients and commonly determined from stereology or computer tomography. This structural anisotropy induces anisotropic mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties. We present a method based on radio-wave birefringence to determine the depth-averaged, dielectric anisotropy of seasonal snow with radar instruments from space, air, or ground. For known snow depth and density, the birefringence allows determination of the dielectric anisotropy by measuring the copolar phase difference (CPD) between linearly polarized microwaves propagating obliquely through the snowpack. The dielectric and structural anisotropy are linked by Maxwell- Garnett-type mixing formulas. The anisotropy evolution of a natural snowpack in Northern Finland was observed over four winters (2009-2013) with the ground-based radar instrument "SnowScat". The radar measurements indicate horizontal structures for fresh snow and vertical structures in old snow which is confirmed by computer tomographic in situ measurements. The temporal evolution of the CPD agreed in ground-based data compared to space-borne measurements from the satellite TerraSAR-X. The presented dataset provides a valuable basis for the development of new snow metamorphism models which include the anisotropy of the snow microstructure. © Author(s) 2016. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/75097
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland; Finnish Meteorological Institute FMI, Arctic Research, Sodankylä, Finland; GAMMA Remote Sensing AG, Gümlingen, Switzerland; Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany
Recommended Citation:
Leinss S,, Löwe H,, Proksch M,et al. Anisotropy of seasonal snow measured by polarimetric phase differences in radar time series[J]. Cryosphere,2016-01-01,10(4)