DOI: 10.5194/tc-10-623-2016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84962512970
论文题名: Microwave snow emission modeling uncertainties in boreal and subarctic environments
作者: Roy A ; , Royer A ; , St-Jean-Rondeau O ; , Montpetit B ; , Picard G ; , Mavrovic A ; , Marchand N ; , Langlois A
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2016
卷: 10, 期: 2 起始页码: 623
结束页码: 638
语种: 英语
英文关键词: boreal forest
; brightness temperature
; frozen ground
; measurement method
; microwave radiation
; numerical method
; organic soil
; polarization
; remote sensing
; snowpack
; spatial variation
; subarctic region
; Canada
; James Bay
; Quebec [Canada]
; Umiujaq
英文摘要: This study aims to better understand and quantify the uncertainties in microwave snow emission models using the Dense Media Radiative Theory Multi-Layer model (DMRT-ML) with in situ measurements of snow properties. We use surface-based radiometric measurements at 10.67, 19 and 37 GHz in boreal forest and subarctic environments and a new in situ data set of measurements of snow properties (profiles of density, snow grain size and temperature, soil characterization and ice lens detection) acquired in the James Bay and Umiujaq regions of Northern Québec, Canada. A snow excavation experiment-where snow was removed from the ground to measure the microwave emission of bare frozen ground-shows that small-scale spatial variability (less than 1 km) in the emission of frozen soil is small. Hence, in our case of boreal organic soil, variability in the emission of frozen soil has a small effect on snow-covered brightness temperature (TB). Grain size and density measurement errors can explain the errors at 37 GHz, while the sensitivity of TB at 19 GHz to snow increases during the winter because of the snow grain growth that leads to scattering. Furthermore, the inclusion of observed ice lenses in DMRT-ML leads to significant improvements in the simulations at horizontal polarization (H-pol) for the three frequencies (up to 20 K of root mean square error). However, representation of the spatial variability of TB remains poor at 10.67 and 19 GHz at H-pol given the spatial variability of ice lens characteristics and the difficulty in simulating snowpack stratigraphy related to the snow crust. The results also show that, in our study with the given forest characteristics, forest emission reflected by the snow-covered surface can increase the TB up to 40 K. The forest contribution varies with vegetation characteristics and a relationship between the downwelling contribution of vegetation and the proportion of pixels occupied by vegetation (trees) in fisheye pictures was found. We perform a comprehensive analysis of the components that contribute to the snow-covered microwave signal, which will help to develop DMRT-ML and to improve the required field measurements. The analysis shows that a better consideration of ice lenses and snow crusts is essential to improve TB simulations in boreal forest and subarctic environments. © 2016 Author(s). Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/75169
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Centre d'Applications et de Recherches en Télédétection (CARTEL), Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. Université, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; Centre d'Études Nordiques, Québec, Canada; Université Grenoble Alpes, LGGE, UMR5183, Grenoble, France
Recommended Citation:
Roy A,, Royer A,, St-Jean-Rondeau O,et al. Microwave snow emission modeling uncertainties in boreal and subarctic environments[J]. Cryosphere,2016-01-01,10(2)