| DOI: | 10.1002/wcc.21
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| Scopus记录号: | 2-s2.0-77952189783
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| 论文题名: | Urban heat island effects on estimates of observed climate change |
| 作者: | Parker D; E
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| 刊名: | Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change
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| ISSN: | 17577780
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| 出版年: | 2010
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| 卷: | 1, 期:1 | | 起始页码: | 123
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| 结束页码: | 133
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 英文关键词: | Climate change
; Climate models
; Land use
; Landforms
; Surface properties
; Temperature measurement
; Urban growth
; Future assessment
; High-resolution climate models
; Human activities
; Near surface temperature
; Surface air temperatures
; Urban development
; Urban heat island
; Urban Heat Island Effects
; Atmospheric temperature
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| 英文摘要: | Urban heat islands are a result of the physical properties of buildings and other structures, and the emission of heat by human activities. They are most pronounced on clear, calm nights; their strength depends also on the background geography and climate, and there are often cool islands in parks and less-developed areas. Some old city centers no longer show warming trends relative to rural neighbourhoods, because urban development has stabilised. This article reviews the effects that urban heat islands may have on estimates of global near-surface temperature trends. These effects have been reduced by avoiding or adjusting urban temperature measurements. Comparisons of windy weather with calmweather air temperature trends for a worldwide set of observing sites suggest that global near-surface temperature trends have not been greatly affected by urban warming trends; this is supported by comparisons with marine surface temperatures. The use of dynamical-model-based reanalyses to estimate urban influences has been hindered by the heterogeneity of the data input to the reanalyses and by biases in the models. However, improvements in reanalyses are increasing their utility for assessing the surface air temperature record. Highresolution climate models and data on changing land use offer potential for future assessment of worldwide urban warming influences. The latest assessments of the likely magnitude of the residual urban trend in available global near-surface temperature records are summarized, alongwith the uncertainties of these residual trends. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/76532
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候变化与战略
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作者单位: | Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter EX1 3PB, United Kingdom
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Parker D,E. Urban heat island effects on estimates of observed climate change[J]. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change,2010-01-01,1(1)
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