DOI: 10.1002/gbc.20049
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84879456254
论文题名: History of nutrient inputs to the northeastern United States, 1930-2000
作者: Hale R ; L ; , Hoover J ; H ; , Wollheim W ; M ; , Vörösmarty C ; J
刊名: Global Biogeochemical Cycles
ISSN: 8866236
出版年: 2013
卷: 27, 期: 2 起始页码: 578
结束页码: 591
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Nitrogen
; Phosphorus
Scopus关键词: Atmospheric components
; Atmospheric depositions
; Environmental interactions
; Human population
; N:p stoichiometries
; Nutrient management
; Nutrient reduction
; Spatiotemporal patterns
; Crops
; Deposition
; Fertilizers
; International trade
; Meteorological problems
; Nitrogen
; Phosphorus
; Population statistics
; Stoichiometry
; Nutrients
; anthropogenic effect
; atmospheric deposition
; fertilizer
; fertilizer application
; fixation
; livestock
; nutrient cycling
; nutrient loss
; nutrient use
; population density
; stoichiometry
; time series
; United States
英文摘要: Humans have dramatically altered nutrient cycles at local to global scales. We examined changes in anthropogenic nutrient inputs to the northeastern United States (NE) from 1930 to 2000. We created a comprehensive time series of anthropogenic N and P inputs to 437 counties in the NE at 5 year intervals. Inputs included atmospheric N deposition, biological N2 fixation, fertilizer, detergent P, livestock feed, and human food. Exports included exports of feed and food and volatilization of ammonia. N inputs to the NE increased throughout the study period, primarily due to increases in atmospheric deposition and fertilizer. P inputs increased until 1970 and then declined due to decreased fertilizer and detergent inputs. Livestock consistently consumed the majority of nutrient inputs over time and space. The area of crop agriculture declined during the study period but consumed more nutrients as fertilizer. We found that stoichiometry (N:P) of inputs and absolute amounts of N matched nutritional needs (livestock, humans, crops) when atmospheric components (N deposition, N2 fixation) were not included. Differences between N and P led to major changes in N:P stoichiometry over time, consistent with global trends. N:P decreased from 1930 to 1970 due to increased inputs of P, and increased from 1970 to 2000 due to increased N deposition and fertilizer and decreases in P fertilizer and detergent use. We found that nutrient use is a dynamic product of social, economic, political, and environmental interactions. Therefore, future nutrient management must take into account these factors to design successful and effective nutrient reduction measures. Key Points Spatiotemporal patterns of nutrient inputs were dynamic and unique for N and P. Livestock consume the majority of nutrient inputs to the NE. Human population density best predictor of nutrient inputs. © 2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/77641
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4601, United States; Department of Geography, University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States; Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States; Department of Civil Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
Recommended Citation:
Hale R,L,, Hoover J,et al. History of nutrient inputs to the northeastern United States, 1930-2000[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,2013-01-01,27(2)