DOI: 10.5194/hess-18-4657-2014
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84936995306
论文题名: Model simulations of the modulating effect of the snow cover in a rain-on-snow event
作者: Wever N ; , Jonas T ; , Fierz C ; , Lehning M
刊名: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
ISSN: 10275606
出版年: 2014
卷: 18, 期: 11 起始页码: 4657
结束页码: 4669
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Balloons
; Rain
; Runoff
; Snow melting systems
; Meteorological forcing
; Meteorological station
; Model simulation
; Modulating effect
; Rainfall intensity
; Sensitivity studies
; Snowpack model
; Storage potential
; Snow
; hydrological modeling
; mass wasting
; rainfall
; runoff
; simulation
; snow cover
; snowpack
; water flow
; Switzerland
英文摘要: In October 2011, the Swiss Alps underwent a marked rain-on-snow (ROS) event when a large snowfall on 8 and 9 October was followed by intense rain on 10 October. This resulted in severe flooding in some parts of Switzerland. Model simulations were carried out for 14 meteorological stations in two affected regions of the Swiss Alps using the detailed physics-based snowpack model SNOWPACK. We also conducted an ensemble sensitivity study, in which repeated simulations for a specific station were done with meteorological forcing and rainfall from other stations. This allowed the quantification of the contribution of rainfall, snow melt and liquid water storage on generating snowpack runoff. In the simulations, the snowpack produced runoff about 4-6 h after rainfall started, and total snowpack runoff became higher than total rainfall after about 11-13 h. These values appeared to be strongly dependent on snow depth, rainfall and melt rates. Deeper snow covers had more storage potential and could absorb all rain and meltwater in the first hours, whereas the snowpack runoff from shallow snow covers reacts much more quickly. However, the simulated snowpack runoff rates exceeded the rainfall intensities in both snow depth classes. In addition to snow melt, the water released due to the reduction of liquid water storage contributed to excess snowpack runoff. This effect appears to be stronger for deeper snow covers and likely results from structural changes to the snowpack due to settling and wet snow metamorphism. These results are specifically valid for the point scale simulations performed in this study and for ROS events on relatively fresh snow. © Author(s) 2014. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/78071
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Flüelastrasse 11, Davos Dorf, Switzerland; CRYOS, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
Recommended Citation:
Wever N,, Jonas T,, Fierz C,et al. Model simulations of the modulating effect of the snow cover in a rain-on-snow event[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2014-01-01,18(11)