This work investigates how the integrated land use of northern South America has affected the present day regional patterns of hydrology. A model of the terrestrial ecosystems (ecosystem demography model 2: ED2) is combined with an atmospheric model (Brazilian Regional Atmospheric Modeling System: BRAMS). Two realizations of the structure and composition of terrestrial vegetation are used as the sole differences in boundary conditions that drive two simulations. One realization captures the present day vegetation condition that includes deforestation and land conversion, the other is an estimate of the potential structure and composition of the region's vegetation without human influence. Model output is assessed for differences in resulting hydrometeorology.
The simulations suggest that the history of land conversion in northern South America is not associated with a significant precipitation bias in the northern part of the continent, but has shown evidence of a negative bias in mean regional evapotranspiration and a positive bias in mean regional runoff. Also, negative anomalies in evaporation rates showed pattern similarity with areas where deforestation has occurred. In the central eastern Amazon there was an area where deforestation and abandonment had lead to an overall reduction of above-ground biomass, but this was accompanied by a shift in forest composition towards early successional functional types and grid-average-patterned increases in annual transpiration.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; EMBRAPA Satellite Monitoring, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma, United States; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Knox R,G,, Longo M,et al. Hydrometeorological effects of historical land-conversion in an ecosystem-atmosphere model of Northern South America[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2015-01-01,19(1)