DOI: 10.5194/hess-21-6307-2017
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85028888405
论文题名: The 2010-2015 megadrought in central Chile: Impacts on regional hydroclimate and vegetation
作者: Garreaud R ; D ; , Alvarez-Garreton C ; , Barichivich J ; , Pablo Boisier J ; , Christie D ; , Galleguillos M ; , LeQuesne C ; , McPhee J ; , Zambrano-Bigiarini M
刊名: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
ISSN: 10275606
出版年: 2017
卷: 21, 期: 12 起始页码: 6307
结束页码: 6327
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Climatology
; Drought
; Groundwater
; Nickel
; Rain
; Exotic forest plantations
; Historical records
; Irrigated cropland
; Potential evapotranspiration
; Precipitation deficits
; Tree-ring reconstruction
; Vegetation productivity
; Western south america
; Vegetation
; agricultural land
; drought
; El Nino
; El Nino-Southern Oscillation
; groundwater
; historical record
; La Nina
; multireservoir system
; plantation forestry
; potential evapotranspiration
; precipitation (climatology)
; rainfall-runoff modeling
; regional climate
; river flow
; shrubland
; snowpack
; tree ring
; vegetation dynamics
; Andes
; Argentina
; Chile
; Mediterranean Region
英文摘要: Since 2010 an uninterrupted sequence of dry years, with annual rainfall deficits ranging from 25 to 45 %, has prevailed in central Chile (western South America, 30-38° S). Although intense 1- or 2-year droughts are recurrent in this Mediterranean-like region, the ongoing event stands out because of its longevity and large extent. The extraordinary character of the so-called central Chile megadrought (MD) was established against century long historical records and a millennial tree-ring reconstruction of regional precipitation. The largest MD-averaged rainfall relative anomalies occurred in the northern, semi-arid sector of central Chile, but the event was unprecedented to the south of 35° S. ENSO-neutral conditions have prevailed since 2011 (except for the strong El Niño in 2015), contrasting with La Niña conditions that often accompanied past droughts. The precipitation deficit diminished the Andean snowpack and resulted in amplified declines (up to 90 %) of river flow, reservoir volumes and groundwater levels along central Chile and westernmost Argentina. In some semi-arid basins we found a decrease in the runoff-to-rainfall coefficient. A substantial decrease in vegetation productivity occurred in the shrubland-dominated, northern sector, but a mix of greening and browning patches occurred farther south, where irrigated croplands and exotic forest plantations dominate. The ongoing warming in central Chile, making the MD one of the warmest 6-year periods on record, may have also contributed to such complex vegetation changes by increasing potential evapotranspiration. We also report some of the measures taken by the central government to relieve the MD effects and the public perception of this event. The understanding of the nature and biophysical impacts of the MD helps as a foundation for preparedness efforts to confront a dry, warm future regional climate scenario. © 2017 Author(s). Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/78968
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Department of Geophysics, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR2), Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global, Instituto de Conservación Biodiversidad y Territorio, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Mining Technology Center, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
Recommended Citation:
Garreaud R,D,, Alvarez-Garreton C,et al. The 2010-2015 megadrought in central Chile: Impacts on regional hydroclimate and vegetation[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2017-01-01,21(12)