DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2014.965125
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84916624818
论文题名: All adrift: aviation, shipping, and climate change policy
作者: Bows-Larkin A
刊名: Climate Policy
ISSN: 1469-3062
EISSN: 1752-7457
出版年: 2015
卷: 15, 期: 6 起始页码: 681
结束页码: 702
语种: 英语
英文关键词: aviation emissions
; carbon emissions trading
; climate change mitigation
; CO2 reductions
; stakeholder participation/engagement
; transport policy
Scopus关键词: carbon dioxide
; carbon emission
; climate change
; emission control
; emissions trading
; environmental policy
; Kyoto Protocol
; policy development
; shipping
; temperature
; transportation policy
; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Scopus学科分类: nvironmental Science: General Environmental Science
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Atmospheric Science
英文摘要: All sectors face decarbonization for a 2 °C temperature increase to be avoided. Nevertheless, meaningful policy measures that address rising CO2 from international aviation and shipping remain woefully inadequate. Treated with a similar approach within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), they are often debated as if facing comparable challenges, and even influence each others’ mitigation policies. Yet their strengths and weaknesses have important distinctions. This article sheds light on these differences so that they can be built upon to improve the quality of debate and ensuing policy development. The article quantifies ‘2 °C’ pathways for these sectors, highlighting the need for mitigation measures to be urgently accelerated. It reviews recent developments, drawing attention to one example where a change in aviation mitigation policy had a direct impact on measures to cut CO2 from shipping. Finally, the article contrasts opportunities and barriers towards mitigation. The article concludes that there is a portfolio of opportunities for short- to medium-term decarbonization for shipping, but its complexity is its greatest barrier to change. In contrast, the more simply structured aviation sector is pinning too much hope on emissions trading to deliver CO2 cuts in line with 2 °C. Instead, the solution remains controversial and unpopular – avoiding 2 °C requires demand management. Policy relevance The governance arrangements around the CO2 produced by international aviation and shipping are different from other sectors because their emissions are released in international airspace and waters. Instead, through the Kyoto Protocol, the International Civil Aviation Authority (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) were charged with developing policies towards mitigating their emissions. Slow progress to date, coupled with strong connections with rapidly growing economies, has led to the CO2 from international transport growing at a higher rate than the average rate from all other sectors. This article considers this rapid growth, and the potential for future CO2 growth in the context of avoiding a 2 °C temperature rise above pre-industrial levels. It explores similarities and differences between these two sectors, highlighting that a reliance on global market-based measures to deliver required CO2 cuts will likely leave both at odds with the overarching climate goal. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Taylor and Francis. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/80406
Appears in Collections: 科学计划与规划
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作者单位: Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research & School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Bows-Larkin A. All adrift: aviation, shipping, and climate change policy[J]. Climate Policy,2015-01-01,15(6)