DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.075
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84907735282
论文题名: A quantitative estimation of the exhaust, abrasion and resuspension components of particulate traffic emissions using electron microscopy
作者: Weinbruch S ; , Worringen A ; , Ebert M ; , Scheuvens D ; , Kandler K ; , Pfeffer U ; , Bruckmann P
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2014
卷: 99 起始页码: 175
结束页码: 182
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Electron microscopy
; Particulate matter
; Traffic
; Urban air pollution
Scopus关键词: Telecommunication traffic
; Particulate Matter
; Quantitative estimation
; Re-suspension
; Traffic emissions
; Urban air pollution
; Electron microscopy
; calcium sulfate
; carbonic acid derivative
; chlorine
; iron oxide
; silicate
; sulfur
; tracer
; abrasion
; atmospheric pollution
; chemical composition
; electron microscopy
; emission inventory
; health risk
; particle size
; particulate matter
; quantitative analysis
; resuspension
; traffic emission
; urban atmosphere
; abrasion
; Article
; chemical composition
; electric power plant
; electron microscopy
; particle resuspension
; particulate matter
; scanning electron microscopy
; traffic
; X ray microanalysis
; Germany
; North Rhine-Westphalia
; Ruhr
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: The contribution of the three traffic-related components exhaust, abrasion, and resuspension to kerbside and urban background PM10 and PM1 levels was quantified based on the analysis of individual particles by scanning electron microscopy. A total of 160 samples was collected on 38 days between February and September 2009 at a kerbside and an urban background station in the urban/industrial Ruhr area (Germany). Based on size, morphology, chemical composition and stability under electron bombardment, the 111,003 particles studied in detail were classified into the following 14 particle classes: traffic/exhaust, traffic/abrasion, traffic/resuspension, carbonaceous/organic, industry/metallurgy, industry/power plants, secondary particles, (aged) sea salt, silicates, Ca sulfates, carbonates, Fe oxides/hydroxides, biological particles, and other particles. The traffic/exhaust component consists predominantly of externally mixed soot particles and soot internally mixed with secondary particles. The traffic/abrasion component contains all particles with characteristic tracer elements (Fe, Cu, Ba, Sb, Zn) for brake and tire abrasion. The traffic/resuspension component is defined by the mixing state and comprises all internally mixed particles with a high proportion of silicates or Fe oxides/hydroxides which contain soot or abrasion particles as minor constituent. In addition, silicates and Fe oxides/hydroxides internally mixed with chlorine and sulphur containing particles were also assigned to the traffic/resuspension component. The total contribution of traffic to PM10 was found to be 27% at the urban background station and 48% at the kerbside station, the corresponding values for PM1 are 15% and 39%. These values lie within the range reported in previous literature. The relative share of the different traffic components for PM10 at the kerbside station was 27% exhaust, 15% abrasion, and 58% resuspension (38%, 8%, 54% for PM1). For the urban background, the following relative shares were obtained for PM10: 22% exhaust, 22% abrasion and 56% resuspension (40%, 27%, 33% for PM1). Compared to previous publications we have observed a significantly lower portion of exhaust particles and a significantly higher portion of resuspension particles. The high abundance of resuspension particles underlines their significance for the observed adverse health effects of traffic emissions and for mitigation measures. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/80514
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr. 9, Darmstadt, Germany; Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfalen, Wallneyer Str. 6, Essen, Germany
Recommended Citation:
Weinbruch S,, Worringen A,, Ebert M,et al. A quantitative estimation of the exhaust, abrasion and resuspension components of particulate traffic emissions using electron microscopy[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2014-01-01,99