DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.12.042
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84897059625
论文题名: Traffic pollutant exposures experienced by pedestrians waiting to enter the U.S. at a major U.S.-Mexico border crossing
作者: Galaviz V ; E ; , Yost M ; G ; , Simpson C ; D ; , Camp J ; E ; , Paulsen M ; H ; , Elder J ; P ; , Hoffman L ; , Flores D ; , Quintana P ; J ; E
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2014
卷: 88 起始页码: 362
结束页码: 369
语种: 英语
英文关键词: 1-Nitropyrene
; Air pollution
; Community-Based research
; Diesel exhaust
; Particulate matter
; Pedestrian exposures
; Port of entry
; Traffic pollution
; U.S.-Mexico border
; Wait times
Scopus关键词: Air pollution
; Carbon monoxide
; Health
; Regression analysis
; 1-Nitropyrene
; Community-based
; Diesel exhausts
; Particulate Matter
; Pedestrian exposure
; Port of entry
; Traffic pollution
; U.S.-Mexico border
; Wait time
; Pedestrian safety
; 1 nitropyrene
; black carbon
; carbon monoxide
; atmospheric pollution
; black carbon
; border region
; carbon monoxide
; diesel
; health impact
; health risk
; pedestrian
; pollution exposure
; port
; regression analysis
; relative humidity
; roadside environment
; traffic congestion
; traffic emission
; transboundary pollution
; adult
; air monitoring
; air pollution
; article
; concentration (parameters)
; controlled study
; disease association
; environmental exposure
; exhaust gas
; female
; hazard assessment
; health hazard
; health impact assessment
; high risk population
; human
; human impact (environment)
; humidity
; male
; middle aged
; normal human
; particulate matter
; pedestrian
; pollution monitoring
; priority journal
; public health problem
; traffic pollutant exposure
; Ultrafine Particulate Matter
; young adult
; California
; Mexico [North America]
; San Diego
; San Ysidro
; United States
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Pedestrians waiting to cross into the US from Mexico at Ports of Entry experience long wait times near idling vehicles. The near-road environment is associated with elevated pollutant levels and adverse health outcomes. This is the first exposure assessment conducted to quantify northbound pedestrian commuter exposure to traffic-related air pollutants at the U.S.-Mexico border San Ysidro Port of Entry (SYPOE). Seventy-three persons who regularly crossed the SYPOE in the pedestrian line and 18 persons who did not cross were recruited to wear personal air monitors for 24-hto measure traffic pollutants particulate matter less than 2.5μm (PM2.5), 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) - a marker for diesel exhaust - and carbon monoxide (CO). Fixed site concentrations were collected at SYPOE and occurred during the time subjects were crossing northbound to approximate their exposure to 1-NP, ultrafine particles (UFP), PM2.5, CO, and black carbon (BC) while standing in line during their border wait. Subjects who crossed the border in pedestrian lanes had a 6-fold increase in exposure to 1-NP, a 3-fold increase in exposure to CO, and a 2-fold increase in exposure to gravimetric PM2.5, vs. non-border commuters. Univariate regression analysis for UFP (median 40,000#cm-3) found that border wait time for vehicles explained 21% of variability and relative humidity 13%, but when modeled together neither predictor remained significant. Concentrations at the SYPOE of UFP, PM2.5, CO, and BC are similar to those in other near-roadway studies that show associations with acute and chronic adverse health effects. Although results are limited by small sample numbers, these findings warrant concern for adverse health effects experienced by pedestrian commuters waiting in a long northbound queue at SYPOE and demonstrates a potential health benefit of reduced wait times at the border. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81036
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: University of Washington, School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Seattle, WA, United States; San Diego Prevention Research Center, San Diego, CA, United States; San Diego State University, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, United States; Casa Familiar, San Ysidro, CA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Galaviz V,E,, Yost M,et al. Traffic pollutant exposures experienced by pedestrians waiting to enter the U.S. at a major U.S.-Mexico border crossing[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2014-01-01,88