DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.05.019
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84900805829
论文题名: Exposure to volatile organic compounds: Comparison among different transportation modes
作者: Do D ; H ; , Van Langenhove H ; , Chigbo S ; I ; , Amare A ; N ; , Demeestere K ; , Walgraeve C
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2014
卷: 94 起始页码: 53
结束页码: 62
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Belgium
; Bicycle
; Car
; Commuter exposure
; Ghent
; Inhalation dose
; Tram
; VOC
Scopus关键词: Bicycles
; Gas chromatography
; Halogenation
; Hydrocarbons
; Railroad rolling stock
; Volatile organic compounds
; Belgium
; Car
; Commuter exposure
; Ghent
; Inhalation dose
; Tram
; Trolley cars
; (cyclo) alkane
; 1,2,4 trimethylbenzene
; 1,3,5 trimethylbenzene
; alkane derivative
; aromatic compound
; aromatic hydrocarbon
; benzene derivative
; cumene
; halide
; n propylbenzene
; oxygenated compound
; terpene
; unclassified drug
; volatile organic compound
; atmospheric pollution
; BTEX
; bus transport
; comparative study
; cycle transport
; gas chromatography
; mass spectrometry
; metro system
; pollution exposure
; terpene
; transportation mode
; volatile organic compound
; walking
; air pollutant
; air quality
; article
; Belgium
; comparative study
; environmental exposure
; mass fragmentography
; physical activity
; priority journal
; traffic and transport
; Belgium
; East Flanders
; Ghent
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: The increasing trend of promoting public transportation (bus tram, metro, train) and more environmental friendly and sustainable non fossil-fuel alternatives (walking, cycling etc) as substitutes for auto vehicles brings forward new questions with regard to pollutant levels to which commuters are exposed. In this study, three transportation modes (tram, auto vehicle and bicycle) are studied and concentration levels of 84 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, oxygen containing hydrocarbons, terpenes and halogenated compounds) are measured along a route in the city of Ghent, Belgium. The concentration levels are obtained by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent tubes followed by thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) using deuterated toluene as an internal standard. The median total VOC concentrations for the tram mode (33μg/ma) is 1.7 times higher than that of the bicycle mode (20μg/ma) and 1.5 times higher than for the car mode (22μg/ma). It is found that aromatic hydrocarbons account for a significant proportion in the total VOCs concentration (TVOCs) being as high as 41-57%, 59-72% and 58-72% for the tram, car and bicycle respectively. In all transportation modes, there was a high (r>0.6) degree of correlation between BTEX compounds, isopropylbenzene, n-propylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene. When comparing time weighed average concentrations along a fixed route in Ghent, it is found that commuters using the tram mode experience the highest TVOCs concentration levels. However, next to the concentration level to which commuters are exposed, the physical activity level involving the mode of transportation is important to assess the exposure to toxic VOCs. It is proven that the commuter using a bicycle (4.3±1.5μg) inhales seven and nine times more benzene compared to the commuter using the car and tram respectively, when the same route is followed. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81225
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
There are no files associated with this item.
作者单位: Research Group EnVOC (Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology), Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
Recommended Citation:
Do D,H,, Van Langenhove H,et al. Exposure to volatile organic compounds: Comparison among different transportation modes[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2014-01-01,94