DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.015
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84941633315
论文题名: Real-world emissions and fuel consumption of diesel buses and trucks in Macao: From on-road measurement to policy implications
作者: Wu X ; , Zhang S ; , Wu Y ; , Li Z ; , Zhou Y ; , Fu L ; , Hao J
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2015
卷: 120 起始页码: 393
结束页码: 403
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Diesel
; Emissions
; Fuel consumption
; Macao
; PEMS
; Vehicle
Scopus关键词: Amphibious vehicles
; Automobiles
; Buses
; Fleet operations
; Fog
; Fuel consumption
; Fuels
; Gas emissions
; Particulate emissions
; Pollution
; Public policy
; Roads and streets
; Seismic prospecting
; Selective catalytic reduction
; Transportation
; Trucks
; Vehicles
; Average emission rate
; Diesel
; Distance-based emission factors
; Emission measurement systems
; Macao
; PEMS
; Vehicle specific power
; Vehicle specification
; Air pollution control equipment
; carbon dioxide
; diesel fuel
; atmospheric pollution
; diesel
; emission control
; exhaust emission
; fuel consumption
; policy implementation
; pollution policy
; road transport
; traffic emission
; vehicle component
; air pollutant
; Article
; catalyst
; environmental planning
; exhaust gas
; Macao
; particulate matter
; priority journal
; reduction
; China
; Macau
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: A total of 13 diesel buses and 12 diesel trucks in Macao were tested using portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) including a SEMTECH-DS for gaseous emissions and a SEMTECH-PPMD for PM2.5. The average emission rates of gaseous pollutants and CO2 are developed with the operating mode defined by the instantaneous vehicle specific power (VSP) and vehicle speed. Both distance-based and fuel mass-based emission factors for gaseous pollutants (e.g., CO, THC and NOX) are further estimated under typical driving conditions. The average distance-based NOX emission of heavy-duty buses (HDBs) is higher than 13 g km-1. Considering the unfavorable conditions for selective reductions catalyst (SCR) systems, such as low-speed driving conditions, more effective technology options (e.g., dedicated natural gas buses and electric buses) should be considered by policy makers in Macao. We identified strong effects of the vehicle size, engine displacement and driving conditions on real-world CO2 emission factors and fuel consumption for diesel vehicles. Therefore, detailed profiles regarding vehicle specifications can reduce the uncertainty in their fleet-average on-road fuel consumption. In addition, strong correlations between relative emission factors and driving conditions indicated by the average speed of generated micro-trips are identified based on a micro-trip method. For example, distance-based emission factors of HDBs will increase by 39% for CO, 29% for THC, 43% for NOX and 26% for CO2 when the average speed decreases from 30 km h-1 to 20 km h-1. The mitigation of on-road emissions from diesel buses and trucks by improving traffic conditions through effective traffic and economic management measures is therefore required. This study demonstrates the important role of PEMS in understanding vehicle emissions and mitigation strategies from science to policy perspectives. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81505
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing, China
Recommended Citation:
Wu X,, Zhang S,, Wu Y,et al. Real-world emissions and fuel consumption of diesel buses and trucks in Macao: From on-road measurement to policy implications[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2015-01-01,120